ArticleNutrients2023
Processed Food-Sweets Patterns and Related Behaviors with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Children: A Case-Control Study.
Article in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dietary Carbohydrates and ADHD Symptoms: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Neurobiological insights into the effects of ultra-processed food on lipid metabolism and associated mental health conditions: a scoping review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Behavioral Outcomes in Canadian Children.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Review
- Ultra-processed food exposure and health outcomes: Current evidence, controversies, and future perspectives.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Examining ultra-processed food consumption and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children living in Kuwait.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Eating behavior and sleep habit problems and their correlation with symptoms in children with ADHD comorbid with overweight or obesity.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Article
- Identifying novel metabolites in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder through metabolome profiling.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Ultra-Processed Foods and Mental Health: Where Do Eating Disorders Fit into the Puzzle?Nutrients · 2024Review
- Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Psychosocial Health Problems in Spanish Adolescents: The EHDLA Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have focused on the associations between core symptoms and dietary intake in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, few studies have explored how dietary patterns and behaviors relate to the risk of ADHD. The aim of our study is to explore the associations between dietary patterns and behaviors and the risk of ADHD, which could provide evidence for follow-up and treatments for children with ADHD.
methodsWe conducted a case-control study, including 102 children diagnosed with ADHD and 102 healthy children. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the children's eating behavior questionnaire (CEBQ) were used to investigate food consumption and eating behaviors. We applied exploratory factor analysis for constructing dietary patterns, and the factor scores were adopted for log-binomial regression to assess the associations between how dietary patterns and eating behaviors affect the risk of ADHD.
resultsWe extracted five dietary patterns with a cumulative contribution rate of 54.63%. Processed food-sweets scores revealed positive associations with an increased risk of ADHD (OR = 1.451, 95% CI: 1.041-2.085). Moreover, processed food-sweets tertile 3 was associated with an increased risk of ADHD (OR = 2.646, 95% CI: 1.213-5.933). In terms of eating behaviors, the group with a higher score relating to a desire to drink was also positively correlated with the risk of ADHD (OR = 2.075, 95% CI: 1.137-3.830).
conclusionsIn the treatment and follow-up of children with ADHD, dietary intake and eating behaviors should be considered.
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