Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36904230›Full record

ReviewNutrients2023

Pre-, pro-, syn-, and Postbiotics in Infant Formulas: What Are the Immune Benefits for Infants?

Anaïs Lemoine, Patrick Tounian, Karine Adel-Patient, Muriel Thomas

Full text readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. The Gut in Early Life-Postnatal Challenges.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Immune microenvironment-dependent effects of age-associatedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Anaïs LemoinePediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology, Trousseau Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0001-8443-7207
Patrick TounianPediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology, Trousseau Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, F-75012 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-2138-6702
Karine Adel-PatientDépartement Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAe, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Muriel ThomasUMR1319, Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.ORCID 0000-0002-7608-3274

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The first objective of infant formulas is to ensure the healthy growth of neonates and infants, as the sole complete food source during the first months of life when a child cannot be breastfed. Beyond this nutritional aspect, infant nutrition companies also try to mimic breast milk in its unique immuno-modulating properties. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota under the influence of diet shapes the maturation of the immune system and influences the risk of atopic diseases in infants. A new challenge for dairy industries is, therefore, to develop infant formulas inducing the maturation of immunity and the microbiota that can be observed in breastfed delivered vaginally, representing reference infants.

Indexed as

Infant FormulaProbioticsBreast FeedingChildFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMilk, HumanOligosaccharidesOligosaccharidesatopyimmunityinfant formulamicrobiotapostbioticprebioticprobioticsynbiotic

Identifiers

PMID36904230
PMCPMC10004767

What OpenQuestion holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read122
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.