ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Impact of Natural-Based Viscosity Modifiers of Inhalation Drugs on the Dynamic Surface Properties of the Pulmonary Surfactant.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Interfacial Organization and Structural Changes in Model Lung Surfactants Induced by Methylxanthines.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2026Article
- Human bronchial air-liquid interface responses to nebulised protease exposure.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Towards More Precise Targeting of Inhaled Aerosols to Different Areas of the Respiratory System.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The effectiveness of inhalation therapy depends on aerosol size distribution, which determines the penetration and regional deposition of drug in the lungs. As the size of droplets inhaled from medical nebulizers varies depending on the physicochemical properties of the nebulized liquid, it can be adjusted by adding some compounds as viscosity modifiers (VMs) of a liquid drug. Natural polysaccharides have been recently proposed for this purpose and while they are biocompatible and generally recognized as safe (GRAS), their direct influence of the pulmonary structures is unknown. This work studied the direct influence of three natural VMs (sodium hyaluronate, xanthan gum, and agar) on the surface activity of the pulmonary surfactant (PS) measured in vitro using the oscillating drop method. The results allowed for comparing the variations of the dynamic surface tension during breathing-like oscillations of the gas/liquid interface with the PS, and the viscoelastic response of this system, as reflected by the hysteresis of the surface tension. The analysis was done using quantitative parameters, i.e., stability index (SI), normalized hysteresis area (
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Registered trials
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