ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
A Closer Look at Opioid-Induced Adrenal Insufficiency: A Narrative Review.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chronic Opioid Use and Endocrine Disruption in Women: Mechanisms, Life-Course Vulnerabilities, and Reproductive Health Implications.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- From morphine to buprenorphine - Modeling opioid use disorder and its treatment during pregnancy: Effects on maternal care and offspring neurodevelopment in a translational rodent model.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2025Article
- [Clinical pharmacology of opioid analgesics].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Adrenal insufficiency in inborn errors of metabolism and vice versa: Case reports and review of the literature.Molecular genetics and metabolism reports · 2025Review
- Neuroactive steroids and the pathophysiology of PTSD: Biomarkers for treatment targeting.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Role of TRP Channels in Cancer-Induced Bone Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Met-enkephalin modulates the stress responses of plasma concentrations of corticosterone, delta opioid receptor binding, pro-enkephalin expression, and processing in chickens.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- The effects of opioid tapering on select endocrine measures in men and women with head and neck cancer-a longitudinal 12-month study.Pain reports · 2024Article
- The relationship between anesthesia, surgery and postoperative immune function in cancer patients: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Endocrinopathies in Hemoglobinopathies: What Is the Role of Iron?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Adrenal Crisis Masked as Septic Shock in a Patient With Opioid Use Disorder on Buprenorphine.Cureus · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Among several opioid-associated endocrinopathies, opioid-associated adrenal insufficiency (OIAI) is both common and not well understood by most clinicians, particularly those outside of endocrine specialization. OIAI is secondary to long-term opioid use and differs from primary adrenal insufficiency. Beyond chronic opioid use, risk factors for OIAI are not well known. OIAI can be diagnosed by a variety of tests, such as the morning cortisol test, but cutoff values are not well established and it is estimated that only about 10% of patients with OIAI will ever be properly diagnosed. This may be dangerous, as OIAI can lead to a potentially life-threatening adrenal crisis. OIAI can be treated and for patients who must continue opioid therapy, it can be clinically managed. OIAI resolves with opioid cessation. Better guidance for diagnosis and treatment is urgently needed, particularly in light of the fact that 5% of the United States population has a prescription for chronic opioid therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.