Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36901582›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2023

Doping in Sport-Attitudes of Physical Trainers Students Regarding the Use of Prohibited Substances Increasing Performance.

Magdalena Zmuda Palka, Monika Bigosińska, Matylda Siwek, Boryana Angelova-Igova, Dawid Konrad Mucha

Open access · goldFull text read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Nutrients · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Magdalena Zmuda PalkaDepartment of Humanities, Section of Pedagogy, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, The University of the Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5344-8998
Monika BigosińskaInstitute of Physical Culture, State University of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sącz, 33-300 Nowy Sącz, Poland.
Matylda SiwekDepartment of Tourism and Regional Studies, Institute of Law, Economics and Administration, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0487-1263
Boryana Angelova-IgovaNational Sports Academy Vassil Levski, Philosophy and Sociology of Sport, 1700 Sophia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0003-3350-702X
Dawid Konrad MuchaDepartment of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-2068-4510
Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University · PLNational Sports Academy Vassil Levski · BGPaństwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Nowym Sączu · PLUniversity School of Physical Education in Kraków · PLUniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe popularity of using the advice of a personal trainer is increasing in Poland and currently most gyms offer the possibility of training under the supervision of a professional. Personal trainers present a multifaceted nature into physical activity and become their clients' guides in achieving sporting goals. Physical trainers also work in sports clubs and supervise the training of people professionally involved in sport.

aimGiven the professional role that they play, this article aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes of personal trainers towards using prohibited measures to improve performance in sport, as well as counteraction measures.

methodsThe study used a questionnaire created by the authors containing closed, semi-open, and open questions.

resultsThe results of the presented research indicate that most physical trainers and students educated in this field have a negative attitude towards the use of prohibited measures that increase performance but they noticed that doping was common in sport by 88.51% respondents. In the group of personal trainers, the majority (87.14%) admitted that good results in sport could be achieved without the use of doping. They stated that it was unfair (25%), contrary to the fair play principle-16%, while over 11% indicated this as cheating. Only 6% of people pointed out that it was legally prohibited and 3% that it was harmful. These results show that 10.13% of all respondents believe that the use of doping is a necessity to achieve very good results in sport.

conclusionsThe availability of doping substances is statistically correlated with the question of persuading to use doping in both groups of trainers and students and some people justify the use of doping. The research proved that the personal trainers' level of knowledge on doping is still insufficient.

Indexed as

Doping in SportsSportsAthletesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansStudentsSurveys and Questionnairesdopingperformance-enhancing substancesphysical trainerPolandrecreational drug

Identifiers

PMID36901582
PMCPMC10001759
OpenAlexW4323314277

What OpenQuestion holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read65
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.