ArticleCancers2023
Immune Microenvironment in Sporadic Early-Onset versus Average-Onset Colorectal Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The histological and molecular characteristics of early-onset colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Combining genotoxic gut bacterial strains increases tumor burden and accelerates onset in a germ-free mouse model of colon carcinogenesis.Cell reports · 2026Article
- KLRB1 gene in tumor immune regulation and disease prognosis: a multidimensional role review.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Early-onset colorectal cancer: a comprehensive review reframing hypotheses and defining research priorities.International journal of colorectal disease · 2026Review
- The Molecular Signature of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: Distinct Biology and Clinical Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Association of adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and risk of uterine cancer: a prospective cohort from the UK Biobank.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Model systems to study tumor-microbiome interactions in early-onset colorectal cancer.EMBO molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Mutational and co-mutational landscape of early onset colorectal cancer.Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals · 2025Article
- Differences in the peripheral blood immune landscape between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Early Onset Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Underpinnings Accelerating Occurrence.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- Micro-environmental changes indicate potential for subclinical intestinal tissue damage in early-age-onset colorectal cancer patients.Gastroenterology report · 2025Article
- Differences in tumor-associated T-cell receptor repertoires between early-onset and average-onset colorectal cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Could environmental exposure and climate change Be a key factor in the rising incidence of early onset colorectal cancer?Heliyon · 2024Review
- The Impact of the Gut Microbiome, Environment, and Diet in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Development.Cancers · 2024Review
- The Demographic Profile of Colorectal Cancer Patients in Indonesia: Insights from a Single Center Experience and Exploration of Immune Response and Survival Outcomes.F1000Research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The incidence of left-sided colon and rectal cancer in young people are increasing worldwide, but its causes are poorly understood. It is not clear if the tumor microenvironment is dependent on age of onset, and little is known about the composition of tumor-infiltrating T cells in early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC). To address this, we investigated T-cell subsets and performed gene expression immune profiling in sporadic EOCRC tumors and matched average-onset colorectal cancer (AOCRC) tumors. Left-sided colon and rectal tumors from 40 cases were analyzed; 20 EOCRC (<45 years) patients were matched 1:1 to AOCRC (70-75 years) patients by gender, tumor location, and stage. Cases with germline pathogenic variants, inflammatory bowel disease or neoadjuvant-treated tumors were excluded. For T cells in tumors and stroma, a multiplex immunofluorescence assay combined with digital image analysis and machine learning algorithms was used. Immunological mediators in the tumor microenvironment were assessed by NanoString gene expression profiling of mRNA. Immunofluorescence revealed no significant difference between EOCRC and AOCRC with regard to infiltration of total T cells, conventional CD4
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