ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Association of Body Mass Index (BMI) with Lip Morphology Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Chinese Population.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Three-dimensional evaluation of lip changes before and after bracket debonding in patients with different vertical skeletal patterns.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- 3D lip changes in skeletal Class III patients with premolar extraction: A prospective cohort study comparing surgery-first and orthodontics-first approaches.Korean journal of orthodontics · 2025Article
- Cephalometric features associated with the mentolabial angle and lower lip eversion in young adults: A cross-sectional study.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2025Article
- Relationship between Abdominal Volume Index and Body Adiposity Index and Scales of Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLip morphology is essential in diagnosis and treatment of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery to ensure facial aesthetics. Body mass index (BMI) has proved to have influence on facial soft tissue thickness, but its relationship with lip morphology is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between BMI and lip morphology characteristics (LMCs) and thus provide information for personalized treatment.
methodsA cross-sectional study consisted of 1185 patients from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2020 was conducted. Confounders of demography, dental features, skeletal parameters and LMCs were adjusted by multivariable linear regression to identify the association between BMI and LMCs. Group differences were evaluated with two-samples
resultsAfter adjusting for confounders, BMI is independently associated with upper lip length (0.039, [0.002-0.075]), soft pogonion thickness (0.120, [0.073-0.168]), inferior sulcus depth (0.040, [0.018-0.063]), lower lip length (0.208, [0.139-0.276]), and curve fitting revealed non-linearity to BMI in obese patients. Mediation analysis found BMI was associated with superior sulcus depth and basic upper lip thickness through upper lip length.
conclusionsBMI is positively associated with LMCs, except for nasolabial angle as negatively, while obese patients reverse or weaken these associations.
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