ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Mechanisms of Resistance to CDK4/6 Inhibitors and Predictive Biomarkers of Response in HR+/HER2-Metastatic Breast Cancer-A Review of the Literature.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comparative overall survival of CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with endocrine therapy in advanced breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- An Overview of the Safety Profile and Clinical Impact of CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer-A Systematic Review of Randomized Phase II and III Clinical Trials.Biomolecules · 2023Pooled it
- Biomarkers of response to neoadjuvant palbociclib plus anastrozole in endocrine-resistant estrogen receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer: a phase 2 trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Adjuvant therapies by anthocyanins potentially mitigating drug resistance and metastatic disease risks in stratified breast cancers: the 3PM-conceptual innovation targeted to NF-kappaB/EMT plasticity.The EPMA journal · 2026Article
- Adaptive mechanisms and emerging cancer therapeutics for CDK2 inhibitors.Nature chemical biology · 2026Review
- miR-640 Enhances Abemaciclib Sensitivity by Suppressing CDK Inhibitor Resistance-Associated Genes in Breast Cancer Cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- HES1 inhibition overcomes CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance by targeting cancer stemness in lung adenocarcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- Case Report: Synergistic potential of RANKL and ACLY inhibition in a breast cancer patient with acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- CDK2 inhibition enhances CDK4/6 inhibitor antitumor activity in comprehensive breast cancer PDX model screen.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Next-generation sequencing methodologies to identify patients for targeted therapy: focus on HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer.Pathologica · 2025Review
- Distinct Allosteric Networks in CDK4 and CDK6 in the Cell Cycle and in Drug Resistance.Journal of molecular biology · 2025Article
- Breast Cancer Treatments: Drugs Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, TNBC Therapy and Future Directions: A Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- CDK4/6 inhibitors upregulate cIAP1/2, and Smac mimetic LCL161 enhances their antitumor effects in cholangiocarcinoma cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Local Control of Advanced Breast Cancer-Debate in Multidisciplinary Tumor Board.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Neratinib enhances the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy in HRScientific reports · 2024Article
- Advancements in breast cancer management: a comprehensive review of ribociclib combined with endocrine therapy.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Targeting CDK2 to combat drug resistance in cancer therapy.Future oncology (London, England) · 2024Review
- Palbociclib and letrozole for hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative breast cancer with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.NPJ breast cancer · 2024Article
- Palbociclib as an Antitumor Drug: A License to Kill.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The latest and newest discoveries for advanced and metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer are the three cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in association with endocrine therapy (ET). However, even if this treatment revolutionized the world and continued to be the first-line treatment choice for these patients, it also has its limitations, caused by de novo or acquired drug resistance which leads to inevitable progression after some time. Thus, an understanding of the overview of the targeted therapy which represents the gold therapy for this subtype of cancer is essential. The full potential of CDK4/6i is yet to be known, with many trials ongoing to expand their utility to other breast cancer subtypes, such as early breast cancer, and even to other cancers. Our research establishes the important idea that resistance to combined therapy (CDK4/6i + ET) can be due to resistance to endocrine therapy, to treatment with CDK4/6i, or to both. Individuals' responses to treatment are based mostly on genetic features and molecular markers, as well as the tumor's hallmarks; therefore, a future perspective is represented by personalized treatment based on the development of new biomarkers, and strategies to overcome drug resistance to combinations of ET and CDK4/6 inhibitors. The aim of our study was to centralize the mechanisms of resistance, and we believe that our work will have utility for everyone in the medical field who wants to deepen their knowledge about ET + CDK4/6 inhibitors resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.