ReviewCancer cell international2023
Paradoxical effects of statins on endothelial and cancer cells: the impact of concentrations.
Review in Cancer cell international, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Modeling hepatocellular carcinoma and its microenvironment on a chip.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Statins attenuate PD-L1 sorting to small extracellular vesicles dependent on ubiquitin-like 3 modification.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pandora's Box of AML: HowBiomedicines · 2025Review
- High-throughput transcriptomic screening reveals entrectinib as a repositioning opportunity in 19q12 autism spectrum disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Combined Effects of Atorvastatin and Glucose Deprivation on Metabolic Stress and Lipid-Raft Disruption in Glioblastoma and Breast Cancer Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Cardioprotective Effects of Simvastatin in Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiomyocyte Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Atorvastatin Induces Bioenergetic Impairment and Oxidative Stress Through Reverse Electron Transport.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Molecular and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms of Statins in Inflammation and Cancer Therapeutics with Emphasis on the NF-κB, NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Cytokine Regulatory Axes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Lovastatin and Resveratrol Synergistically Improve Wound Healing and Inhibit Bacterial Growth.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Effects of statins on sarcopenia with focus on mechanistic insights and future perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Chitosan capped-NLCs enhanced codelivery of gefitinib and simvastatin into MDR HCC: impact of compositions on cell death, JNK3, and Telomerase.Oncology research · 2025Article
- ERLNs augment simultaneous delivery of GFSV into PC-3 cells: Influence of drug combination on SDH, GPX-4, 5α-RD, and cytotoxicity.Oncology research · 2025Article
- Atorvastatin inhibits glioma glycolysis and immune escape by modulating the miR-125a-5p/TXLNA axis.Hereditas · 2024Article
- The pleiotropic effects of statins: a comprehensive exploration of neurovascular unit modulation and blood-brain barrier protection.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
- Enhancing the human health and lifespan: a targeted strategy emphasizing statins.Biogerontology · 2024Review
- Cholesterol and Cholesterol-Lowering Medications in COVID-19-An Unresolved Matter.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Statins in the Cause and Prevention of Cancer: Confounding by Indication and Mediation by Rhabdomyolysis and Phosphate Toxicity.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- Influence of Simvastatin and Pravastatin on the Biophysical Properties of Model Lipid Bilayers and Plasma Membranes of Live Cells.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Article
- The Pleiotropic Effects of Lipid-Modifying Interventions: Exploring Traditional and Emerging Hypolipidemic Therapies.Metabolites · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In addition to their lipid-lowering functions, statins elicit additional pleiotropic effects on apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation, senescence, and oxidative stress. Many of these effects have been reported in cancerous and noncancerous cells like endothelial cells (ECs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and human umbilical vein cells (HUVCs). Not surprisingly, statins' effects appear to vary largely depending on the cell context, especially as pertains to modulation of cell cycle, senescence, and apoptotic processes. Perhaps the most critical reason for this discordance is the bias in selecting the applied doses in various cells. While lower (nanomolar) concentrations of statins impose anti-senescence, and antiapoptotic effects, higher concentrations (micromolar) appear to precipitate opposite effects. Indeed, most studies performed in cancer cells utilized high concentrations, where statin-induced cytotoxic and cytostatic effects were noted. Some studies report that even at low concentrations, statins induce senescence or cytostatic impacts but not cytotoxic effects. However, the literature appears to be relatively consistent that in cancer cells, statins, in both low or higher concentrations, induce apoptosis or cell cycle arrest, anti-proliferative effects, and cause senescence. However, statins' effects on ECs depend on the concentrations; at micromolar concentrations statins cause cell senescence and apoptosis, while at nonomolar concentrations statins act reversely.
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