ArticleBMC oral health2023
Prevalence of frailty and its association with oral hypofunction in older adults: a gender perspective.
Article in BMC oral health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- From culture-based to 16S sequencing approaches: oral microbiota changes in aging, frailty, and oral hypofunction - a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- Association between oral health status and frailty in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and unfavourable outcome of oral frailty in older adult: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Association between oral hypofunction and general health: a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2023Pooled it
- Influencing factors of oral frailty in Chinese maintenance hemodialysis patients: a Bayesian network analysis.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Oral functional limitation and risk of frailty onset in older adults: a sex-stratified 4-Year cohort study with competing risk analysis.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Oral frailty and its influencing factors in elderly patients with multimorbidity: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Nutrition literacy, dietary diversity, and frailty among older adults in China.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a risk-predicting model for oral frailty in older patients with chronic pulpitis.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Lip Pressure, Bite Force and Denture Use as Predictors of Oral Frailty in Physically Active Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Decomposing socio-economic inequalities in edentulism among community-dwelling older adults in a socially diverse metropolitan by using the Erreygers concentration index.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for oral frailty in community-dwelling older adults.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Oral Frailty and Its Impact on Elderly Quality of Life: A Scoping Review.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Article
- Mediating Role of Dyadic Coping Between Social Support and Oral Frailty Cross-Sectional Study of Elderly Ovarian Cancer Patients in China.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of oral frailty in elderly patients undergoing elective surgery: a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Oral Frailty, Dental Visits, and Healthy Life Expectancy: A 6-Year Prospective Cohort Among Japanese Older Adults.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2025Article
- Frailty and Oral Health: Associations with Candidiasis, Prosthesis Use, and Hyposalivation.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Association between periodontal disease and age-related cognitive impairment: a narrative review.BMC oral health · 2025Review
- Anxiety and Sun Exposure as Triggers for Herpes Labialis: A Case Report and Review of Literature.International medical case reports journal · 2025Article
- Nutritional Status, Frailty, Oral Health, and Oral Motor Functions in Long-Term Care Residents with Swallowing Dysfunction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have indicated an association between oral hypofunction and frailty in community-dwelling older adults. However, this issue has not been evaluated in institutionalized older patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of physical frailty in this particularly vulnerable group and evaluate its association with oral hypofunction, analyzing possible differences by gender.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in private and public care homes in Guayaquil (Ecuador) from January 2018 until December 2019. Participants were classified as robust, pre-frail, and frail according to the Fried's frailty phenotype. Oral hypofunction was defined as the presence of at least three positive items in the following list: poor oral hygiene, oral dryness, reduced occlusal force, decreased masticatory function, and deterioration of swallowing function. The relationships between frailty and oral hypofunction were analyzed using logistic regression models for the whole sample and stratified by gender. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 15.0 software (Stata Corp. LP, College Station, TX, USA).
resultsAmong the 589 participants analyzed (65% women), the median age was 72 years (interquartile range: 66-82). Pre-frailty and frailty were presented in 66.7% and 28.9% of them respectively. Weakness was the most frequent item (84.6%). There was a significant relationship between frailty and oral hypofunction in women. In the overall sample, the frequency of frailty was 2.06 times higher (95% CI 1.30-3.29) in patients with oral hypofunction, and this association was maintained in women (ORa: 2.18; 95% CI 1.21-3.94). Reduced occlusal force and decreased swallowing function were items significantly associated with the presence of frailty (ORa: 1.95; 95% CI 1.18-3.22 and ORa: 2.11; 95% CI 1.39-3.19, respectively).
conclusionThe prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty was high among institutionalized older people and was associated with the presence of hypofunction, especially in women. Decreased swallowing function was the most strongly item associated with frailty.
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