ReviewAnnals of intensive care2023
Unapparent systemic effects of regional anticoagulation with citrate in continuous renal replacement therapy: a narrative review.
Review in Annals of intensive care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Regional Citrate Anticoagulation Versus No Anticoagulation During Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients at High Risk of Bleeding: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Advances in therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Citrate accumulation during regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy: a narrative review.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Complications and outcomes of children under one year treated with continuous kidney replacement therapy.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Observational
- Prevalence of bone mineral disease in children with acute kidney disease on continuous kidney replacement therapy: a case-control study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Metabolic complications of citrate anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy (crrt): a delphi consensus on indications, monitoring and management.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Comprehensive guide for optimizing octopus immune cell preparation to enhance single cell RNA sequencing success.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Beyond renal support: biological modulation across pathophysiological domains during continuous renal replacement therapy - a randomized pilot study.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Article
- Effects of different continuous renal replacement therapy patterns on ionized calcium in patients with citrate anticoagulants using calcium-containing replacement solutions: a study protocol.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Sensing molecular carbon dioxide: a translational focus for respiratory disease.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- Biocompatibility in hemodialysis: artificial membrane and human blood interactions.BMC nephrology · 2025Review
- Effect of sodium citrate anticoagulant solution in continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in critically ill children.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Citrate regional anticoagulation of 500 ml/min of extracorporeal blood flow: an experimental study.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- Regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy: a prospective study in a resource-limited intensive care unit from Vietnam.Journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- Hermetic wisdom: unlocking the mysteries of citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy.Intensive care medicine · 2024Article
- Anticoagulation in renal replacement therapies: Why heparin should be abandoned in critical ill patients?International urology and nephrology · 2024Review
- Anticoagulation practices for continuous renal replacement therapy: a survey of physicians from the United States.Renal failure · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of citrate, through reversible binding of calcium, has become the preferred choice for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy in the critically ill patient. Though generally considered as very efficacious in acute kidney injury, this type of anticoagulation can cause acid-base disorders as well as citrate accumulation and overload, phenomena which have been well described. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an overview of some other, non-anticoagulation effects of citrate chelation during its use as anticoagulant. We highlight the effects seen on the calcium balance and hormonal status, phosphate and magnesium balance, as well as oxidative stress resulting from these unapparent effects. As most of these data on these non-anticoagulation effects have been obtained in small observational studies, new and larger studies documenting both short- and long-term effects should be undertaken. Subsequent future guidelines for citrate-based continuous renal replacement therapy should take not only the metabolic but also these unapparent effects into account.
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