ArticleAmerican journal of cancer research2023
Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell-derived GM-CSF regulates PD-L1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Article in American journal of cancer research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Iron homeostasis and macrophage polarization in oral squamous cell carcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Coptisine suppresses oral squamous cell carcinoma via regulating the JAK2/STAT3 to induce mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells and promote macrophage polarization to M1.American journal of cancer research · 2026Article
- Review
- Inflammatory cytokines and oral cancer risk: an integrated study combining two-sample Mendelian randomization with experimental validation.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Bone marrow-derived extracellular vesicles from multiple myeloma patients promote adaptive immune dysfunction via HLA-G, PD-1, and PD-L1.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- ALKBH5 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression and susceptibility to anti-PD-L1 therapy by modulating interactions between tumor and macrophages.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- New Strategies for Macrophage Re-Education in Cancer: An Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- IGFBP3 induces PD-L1 expression to promote glioblastoma immune evasion.Cancer cell international · 2024Article
- Immunomodulatory properties of extracellular vesicles isolated from bone marrow of patients with neuroblastoma: role of PD-L1 and HLA-G.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Effects of macrophages in OSCC progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Tumor microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Sennoside A Modulates the Ferroptosis and Immune Evasion of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Through Inhibiting the NF-κB Pathway.Integrative cancer therapiesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous study reported that gastric cancer-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) could mediate neutrophil activation and induce PD-L1 expression through JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, this pathway in various cancers could also regulate PD-L1 expression of tumor cells. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate whether the JAK2/STAT3 pathway regulates PD-L1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which can help us achieve further understanding of immune escape mechanisms in OSCC. We induced human monocytes THP-1 into M0, M1, and M2 macrophages, and applied them to common medium and tumor-conditioned medium, the latter was collected from two types of OSCC cell line. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect PD-L1 expression and activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway in macrophages under various conditions. We found that GM-CSF in tumor-conditioned medium from OSCC cells increased PD-L1 expression in M0 macrophages in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, both GM-CSF neutralizing antibody and JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibitor AG490 could inhibited its up-regulation. In the meantime, we confirmed that GM-CSF indeed acted through JAK2/STAT3 pathway by measuring phosphorylation of key proteins in this pathway. Therefore, we concluded that OSCC cell-derived GM-CSF was able to up-regulate PD-L1 expression in TAMs through JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Indexed as
Identifiers
36895967PMC9989602W4323804538What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.