ArticleFrontiers in physiology2023
Cold water immersion after a soccer match: Does the placebo effect occur?
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Impact of Cold-Water Immersion on Post-Match Recovery in Trained Soccer Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of different doses of cold water immersion (duration and temperature variations) on recovery from acute exercise-induced muscle damage: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cold- and hot-water immersion are not more effective than placebo for the recovery of physical performance and training adaptations in national level soccer players.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Trial
- Highlights of three metabolites HDL and reduction in blood pressure values after dietary fiber supplementation in overweight and obese normotensive women: a metabolomic study.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2023Trial
- Cold Water Immersion or Foam Rolling? A Randomized Crossover Trial Comparing Recovery Effects on High-Intensity Performance and Markers of Muscle Damage and Inflammation in Soccer Players.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Efficacy of post-exercise recovery strategies for elite soccer players: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Impact of different cryotherapy interventions on post-exercise acute delayed-onset muscle soreness, athletic performance, and inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- Effects of cold-water immersion at different body regions on post-exercise muscle damage recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- The Power of Belief: Investigating the Placebo Effect in Post-Exercise Recovery Strategies for Football Players.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Post-Exercise Recovery Modalities in Male and Female Soccer Players of All Ages and Competitive Levels: A Systematic Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Comparison of the Effects of Cold-Water Immersion Applied Alone and Combined Therapy on the Recovery of Muscle Fatigue After Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exercise-Induced Central Fatigue: Biomarkers and Non-Medicinal Interventions.Aging and disease · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although cold water immersion (CWI) is one of the most widely used post-exercise strategies to accelerate recovery processes, the benefits of CWI may be associated with placebo effects. This study aimed to compare the effects of CWI and placebo interventions on time course of recovery after the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST). In a randomized, counterbalanced, crossover study, twelve semi-professional soccer players (age 21.1 ± 2.2 years, body mass 72.4 ± 5.9 kg, height 174.9 ± 4.6 cm,
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.