ArticleEye (London, England)2023
Role of tear exosomes in the spread of herpes simplex virus type 1 in recurrent herpes simplex keratitis.
Article in Eye (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Ocular Surface Diseases.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Corneal Extracellular Vesicles: Small Packages with a Big Impact.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Exosomes in corneal diseases: advances in diagnosis and therapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Review
- HSV-1 virions and related particles: biogenesis and implications in the infection.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- A Primer on Proteomic Characterization of Intercellular Communication in a Virus Microenvironment.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2025Review
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Utility of Extracellular Vesicles in Ocular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Exosomes in Ocular Health: Recent Insights into Pathology, Diagnostic Applications and Therapeutic Functions.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Tear Proteomics in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Promising Approach to Biomarker Identification of Diabetes Pathogenesis and Complications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- A state-of-the-art review of the recent advances in exosome isolation and detection methods in viral infection.Virology journal · 2024Review
- Recent advances of exosomes in age-related macular degeneration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- An Eye on Extracellular Vesicles: Trends and Clinical Translations in Vision Research.Ophthalmology scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHerpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is the most common but serious infectious keratitis with high recurrence. It is predominantly caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The spread mechanism of HSV-1 in HSK is not entirely clear. Multiple publications indicate that exosomes participate in the intercellular communication process during viral infections. However, there is rare evidence that HSV-1 spreads in HSK by exosomal pathway. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the spread of HSV-1 and tear exosomes in recurrent HSK.
methodsTear fluids collected from total 59 participants were included in this study. Tear exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation, then identified by silver staining and western blot. The size was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The viral biomarkers were identified by western blot. The cellular uptake of exosomes was studied using labelled exosomes.
resultsTear exosomes were indeed enriched in tear fluids. Collected exosomes own normal diameters consistent with related reports. The exosomal biomarkers existed in tear exosomes. Labelled exosomes were successfully taken up by human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) in large numbers in a short time. After cellular uptake, HSK biomarkers were detectable by western blot in infected cells.
conclusionsTear exosomes should be the latent sites of HSV-1 in recurrent HSK and might be involved in the spread of HSV-1. Besides, this study verifies HSV-1 genes can be indeed transferred between cells by exosomal pathway, providing new inspiration for the clinical intervention and treatment as well as the drug discovery of recurrent HSK.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.