ReviewNature structural & molecular biology2023
cGAMP-activated cGAS-STING signaling: its bacterial origins and evolutionary adaptation by metazoans.
Review in Nature structural & molecular biology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- The cGAS-STING pathway: mechanistic basis, dual biological functions and translational therapeutic advances.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- cGAS-STING as a Neuroimmune Traffic Molecule: Unraveling Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential in Neurological Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Review
- Methylation of DNA duplexes regulates cGAS-mediated innate immune activationRSC chemical biology · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-activated piezoelectric Bi@Bi-MOF enables STING-mediated immunotherapy for implant-associated infections.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Extracellular cGAMP in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Systemic Propagation of STING Signalling via Generation of Large Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Conserved innate immunity components limit transgene expression in adult planarians.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Electroacupuncture Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Rats by Suppressing the cGAS-STING Pathway.Experimental neurobiology · 2026Article
- Stenotrophomonas promotes gastrointestinal tumor progression via STING degradation in tumour cells and mitigated immune response.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The cGAS-STING pathway in fibroblast microenvironment: from molecular mechanisms to targeted therapies.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps promote neuronal ferroptosis through STING-mediated AMPK dysregulation after traumatic brain injury.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Targeting cGAS-STING-macrophage axis: a novel therapeutic horizon for renal fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Intersections between proteostasis and immunity: insights from Caenorhabditis elegans.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Review
- Singapore grouper iridovirus utilizes Rab1 to facilitate viral trafficking and evade the immune response by targeting the STING-IRF3 pathway.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Mpox virus poxin-schlafen fusion protein suppresses innate antiviral response by sequestering STAT2.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Activation of cGAS-STING signaling in senescent cells promotes the aging process by remodeling the functions of the immune system.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- RPA1 protects DNA damage-induced PANoptosis in limb development.Science advances · 2025Article
- Metal-organic frameworks activate the cGAS-STING pathway for cancer immunotherapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- The dual role of type I interferons in bacterial infections: from immune defense to pathogenesis.mBio · 2025Review
- DOT1L suppressed the proliferation of osteosarcoma cell line via modulating SYK/EGFR/P53 and SHP2-induced STING-NLRP3-pyroptosis signaling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The metazoan cGAMP-activated cGAS-STING innate immunity pathway is triggered in response to genomic instability and DNA damage, thereby providing host defense against microbial pathogens. This pathway also impacts on autophagy, cellular senescence and antitumor immunity, while its overactivation triggers autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Metazoan cGAS generates cGAMP containing distinct combinations of 3'-5' and 2'-5' linkages, which target the adaptor protein STING and activate the innate immune response through a signaling cascade leading to upregulation of cytokine and interferon production. This Review highlights a structure-based mechanistic perspective of recent advances in cGAMP-activated cGAS-STING innate immune signaling by focusing on the cGAS sensor, cGAMP second messenger and STING adaptor components, thereby elucidating the specificity, activation, regulation and signal transduction features of the pathway. In addition, the Review addresses progress towards identification of inhibitors and activators targeting cGAS and STING, as well as strategies developed by pathogens to evade cGAS-STING immunity. Most importantly, it highlights cyclic nucleotide second messengers as ancient signaling molecules that elicit a potent innate immune response that originated in bacteria and evolved through evolutionary adaptation to metazoans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.