Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36892525›Full record

ArticleClinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2023

Trends in pediatric nonprescription analgesic/antipyretic exposures during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sara Karami, Cooma Asonye, Ellen Pinnow, Valerie Pratt, Lynda McCulley, Nana Dwumfour, Esther H Zhou

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Article in Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sara KaramiCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Cooma AsonyeCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Ellen PinnowCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9183-4662
Valerie PrattCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Lynda McCulleyCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0935-3876
Nana DwumfourCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Esther H ZhouCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4608-6850

Funding

Intramural FDA HHS FD999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine pediatric exposure trends involving selected nonprescription analgesics/antipyretics, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

methodsUsing descriptive and interrupted time-series analyses, we assessed monthly United States poison center data involving pediatric (<18 years) exposures to nonprescription paracetamol (acetaminophen), ibuprofen, acetylsalicylic acid, and naproxen before (January 2015-February 2020) and during (March 2020-April 2021) the pandemic. Statins and proton pump inhibitors (prescription or nonprescription) served as controls.

resultsMost nonprescription analgesic/antipyretic exposures (75-90%) were single-substance; unintentional exposures typically involved children <6 years (84-92%), while intentional exposures involved females (82-85%) and adolescents, 13-17 years (91-93%). Unintentional exposures among children <6 years, declined for all four analgesics/antipyretics immediately after the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic (March 11, 2020), but most significantly for ibuprofen (30-39%). Most intentional exposures were classified as suspected suicide. Intentional exposures were relatively low and stable among males. Intentional exposures in females declined immediately after the pandemic was announced but subsequently increased to pre-pandemic levels for acetylsalicylic acid and naproxen and above pre-pandemic levels for paracetamol and ibuprofen. For paracetamol, female intentional exposures increased from 513 average monthly cases in the pre-pandemic to 641 average monthly cases during the pandemic; and reached 888 cases by the end of the study period in April 2021. While for ibuprofen, average monthly cases rose from 194 in the pre-pandemic, to 223 during the pandemic; and reached 352 cases in April 2021. Patterns were similar among females 6-12 and 13-17 years.

conclusionNonprescription analgesic/antipyretic unintentional exposure cases declined among young children, while intentional exposure cases increased among females, 6-17 years, during the pandemic. Findings highlight the importance of safely storing medications and being alert to signs that adolescents may be in need of mental health support services; caregivers should seek medical care or call poison control centers for any suspected poisoning event.

Indexed as

Analgesics, Non-NarcoticAntipyreticsCOVID-19AcetaminophenAdolescentAspirinChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIbuprofenMaleNaproxenNonprescription DrugsPandemicsPoison Control CentersAcetaminophenAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticAntipyreticsAspirinIbuprofenNaproxenNonprescription Drugsanalgesics and antipyreticschildrenCOVID-19 pandemicexposuresNonprescription

Identifiers

PMID36892525
PMCPMC12548374

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.