ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Cutaneous manifestations associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-World Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events of Immunotherapy in Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Pooled it
- The Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Journey: From Early Promise to Lasting Impact.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Immune-Related Adverse Events and Therapeutic Outcomes After Stopping Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors due to Toxicity Among Patients With Metastatic Melanoma (University Hospitals Sussex).Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Toxicity related to immunotherapy in urothelial cancer: Tumour genetic risk variants.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2026Article
- Management of Facial Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Vitiligo with Topical Ruxolitinib: Quantitative Assessment Using a Semi-Automatic Tool.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Induced Bullous Pemphigoid: A Spanish Multicentric Case Series.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Observational
- Impact of PD-L1 Status on the Development of Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Immunotherapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The skin microbiota drives cutaneous immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicity in genetically susceptible mice.Cell host & microbe · 2026Article
- When Checkpoint Inhibitors Break Barriers: Mechanisms and Challenges of irAEs of the Skin, Gastrointestinal Tract, and Lung.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
- Beyond the Follicle: A Narrative Review on How Systemic Diseases and Drugs Affect Alopecia.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2026Review
- Recurrence of generalized cutaneous lichen planus after switching from PD-1 to PD-L1 in a patient with pre-existing oral lichen planus: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Acneiform drug eruptions-update on pathophysiology and culprit drugs.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Fulminant toxic epidermal necrolysis induced by pucotenlimab in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Integrated metabolomics and machine learning identify predictive biomarkers via SHAP analysis for sintilimab-induced rash in lung cancer patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Patient-Reported Symptom and Symptom Clusters During Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Case Report: Rapid recurrence of psoriasiform dermatitis upon sequential anti-PD-1 therapy with pembrolizumab and tislelizumab with 3-year follow-up.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Hand-foot skin reaction associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors: a FAERS-based pharmacovigilance study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Safety profile of ipilimumab in elderly patients: a disproportionate analysis based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Disproportionality analysis of adverse events in advanced lung cancer treated with atezolizumab plus platinum-based combination chemotherapy.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that block key mediators of tumor-mediated immune evasion. The frequency of its use has increased rapidly and has extended to numerous cancers. ICIs target immune checkpoint molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), PD ligand 1 (PD-L1), and T cell activation, including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4). However, ICI-driven alterations in the immune system can induce various immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that affect multiple organs. Among these, cutaneous irAEs are the most common and often the first to develop. Skin manifestations are characterized by a wide range of phenotypes, including maculopapular rash, psoriasiform eruption, lichen planus-like eruption, pruritus, vitiligo-like depigmentation, bullous diseases, alopecia, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis. In terms of pathogenesis, the mechanism of cutaneous irAEs remains unclear. Still, several hypotheses have been proposed, including activation of T cells against common antigens in normal tissues and tumor cells, increased release of proinflammatory cytokines associated with immune-related effects in specific tissues/organs, association with specific human leukocyte antigen variants and organ-specific irAEs, and acceleration of concurrent medication-induced drug eruptions. Based on recent literature, this review provides an overview of each ICI-induced skin manifestation and epidemiology and focuses on the mechanisms underlying cutaneous irAEs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.