ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2023
Granulomatous inflammation in inborn errors of immunity.
Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral Immunity in Immunoglobulin Products: Global Immunity Debt and Autoimmunity in the Postpandemic Era.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Identification of Aerococcus viridans in granulomatous mastitis utilizing nanopore targeted sequencing: case report and short literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Mimickers of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Case Series and Literature Overview.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The Burden of Non-Infectious Organ-Specific Immunopathology in Pediatric Common Variable Immunodeficiency.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- In-depth immune profiling of a patient with immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies syndrome type 2 caused by a novel mutation in ZBTB24.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- Integrated metabolomic, transcriptomic and network analysis elucidates therapeutic mechanisms ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- From Dyspnea to Diagnosis: A Pediatric Case Report on an Unexpected Condition.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Article
- Non-Malignant Granulocyte and Monocyte Disorders: An Update.British journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Immune-Pathogen Imbalance in a Treatment-Resistant Benign Inflammatory Disease.International journal of women's health · 2025Review
- Uncovering hidden immune defects in childhood granulomatous disorders: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Diagnosis of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Strengths and Challenges in the Genomic Era.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- A LTBiScience · 2024Article
- A Rare Clinical Finding in Ataxia Telangiectasia: Granulomatous Skin Lesion.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Inflammatory Complications in Chronic Granulomatous Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Case report: Rubella virus-associated cutaneous granuloma in an adult with TAP1 deficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Unmasking inborn errors of immunity: identifying the red flags of immune dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Decline of gastric cancer mortality in common variable immunodeficiency in the years 2018-2022.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Granulomas have been defined as inflammatory infiltrates formed by recruitment of macrophages and T cells. The three-dimensional spherical structure typically consists of a central core of tissue resident macrophages which may merge into multinucleated giant cells surrounded by T cells at the periphery. Granulomas may be triggered by infectious and non-infectious antigens. Cutaneous and visceral granulomas are common in inborn errors of immunity (IEI), particularly among patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), combined immunodeficiency (CID), and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The estimated prevalence of granulomas in IEI ranges from 1%-4%. Infectious agents causing granulomas such Mycobacteria and Coccidioides presenting atypically may be 'sentinel' presentations for possible underlying immunodeficiency. Deep sequencing of granulomas in IEI has revealed non-classical antigens such as wild-type and RA27/3 vaccine-strain Rubella virus. Granulomas in IEI are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The heterogeneity of granuloma presentation in IEI presents challenges for mechanistic approaches to treatment. In this review, we discuss the main infectious triggers for granulomas in IEI and the major forms of IEI presenting with 'idiopathic' non-infectious granulomas. We also discuss models to study granulomatous inflammation and the impact of deep-sequencing technology while searching for infectious triggers of granulomatous inflammation. We summarize the overarching goals of management and highlight the therapeutic options reported for specific granuloma presentations in IEI.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.