ArticleFrontiers in oncology2023
The value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in differential diagnosis of primary testicular germ cell tumors and non-germ cell tumors over 50 years old.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multimodal Ultrasound Characterization of a Testicular Leydig Cell Tumor With Emphasis on Microvascular Flow Imaging Findings: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU · 2026Review
- Structured reporting of B-mode, color Doppler, and CEUS in testicular tumor assessment: a reader study with urologist ratings.BMC urology · 2026Article
- The value of the "map sign" in shear wave elastography for differentiating seminomas from non-seminomas.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- A retrospective and comparative analysis of survival in testicular non-germ cell tumors.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Deep learning-based super-resolution US radiomics to differentiate testicular seminoma and non-seminoma: an international multicenter study.Insights into imaging · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Testicular Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound.Case reports in radiology · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-based deep learning radiomics nomogram for risk stratification of testicular masses: a two-center study.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Spermatocytic tumors in 2 patients aged 50 and 77 years: 2 case reports and brief review of the literature.Radiology case reports · 2023Article
- Spermatocytic tumor of the testis: A case report and mini‑review of the literature.Medicine internationalArticle
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4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
Background: Unlike young and middle-aged patients, seminoma is not common in patients with primary testicular tumors over the age of 50, so it cannot follow the general ideas and norms for diagnosing and treating testicular tumors, and its characteristics need to be considered separately. Methods: The conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) findings of primary testicular tumors in patients over 50 years old were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the pathological results to compare the diagnostic value of these two methods. Results: Of the 13 primary testicular tumors, 8 were primary lymphomas. Conventional ultrasound of 13 cases of testicular tumors showed hypoechoic with rich blood flow, and it was difficult to identify the type accurately. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of conventional ultrasonography in diagnosing non-germ cell tumors (lymphoma and Leydig cell tumor) were 40.0%, 33.3%, 66.7%, 14.3%, and 38.5%, respectively. CEUS findings: 7 of 8 lymphomas showed uniform hyperenhancement. 2 cases of Leydig cell tumors showed uniform high enhancement. 2 cases of seminoma and 1 case of spermatocytic tumor showed heterogeneous enhancement, with necrosis in the interior. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy rate of non-germ cell tumor diagnosis according to the non-necrotic area of CEUS were 90.0%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 75.0% and 92.3%, respectively. Compared with conventional ultrasound, the difference was statistically significant (P=0.039). Conclusions: Primary testicular tumors in patients over 50 years old are mainly lymphoma, and CEUS is significantly different between germ cell tumors and non-germ cell tumors. Compared with conventional ultrasound, CEUS can distinguish testicular germ cell tumors from non-germ cell tumors more accurately. Preoperative ultrasonography is significant for accurate diagnosis and can guide clinical treatment.
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