ArticleHealth and quality of life outcomes2023
Measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L in sub-health: evidence based on primary health care workers in China.
Article in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Monitoring and evaluation instruments of individual health in community settings: a scoping review.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Pooled it
- Testing culturally relevant EQ-5D-5L bolt-ons for the Chinese general population: first quantitative phase of a mixed methods study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- The relationship between mobile phone dependence, self-control, and Tai Chi exercise among sub-health older adults in urban areas: a latent profile analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Identifying and developing culturally relevant EQ-5D-5L bolt-on items for Chinese population: qualitative phase of a mixed-methods study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- How does physical education influence university students' psychological health? An analysis from the dual perspectives of social support and exercise behavior.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- The generic version of China Health Related Outcomes Measures (CHROME-G): psychometric testing and comparative performance with the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv2 among the Chinese general population.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Developing and testing culturally relevant bolt-on items for EQ-5D-5L in Chinese populations: a mixed-methods study protocol.BMJ open · 2024Review
- A Study on Influencing Factors of Physicians' Suboptimal Health Status in Primary Healthcare Institutions.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSub-health which is the state between health and disease is a major global public health challenge. As a reversible stage, sub-health can work as a effective tool for the early detection or prevention of chronic disease. The EQ-5D-5L (5L) is a widely used, generic preference-based instrument while its validity in measuring sub-health is not clear. The aim of the study was thus to assess its measurement properties in individuals with sub-health in China.
methodsThe data used were from a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted among primary health care workers who were selected on the basis of convenience and voluntariness. The questionnaire was composited of 5L, Sub-Health Measurement Scale V1.0 (SHMS V1.0), social-demographic characteristics and a question assessing the presence of disease. Missing values and ceiling effects of 5L were calculated. The convergent validity of 5L utility and VAS scores was tested by assessing their correlations with SHMS V1.0 using Spearman's correlation coefficient. The known-groups validity of 5L utility and VAS scores was assessed by comparing their values between subgroups defined by SHMS V1.0 scores using the Kruskal-Wallis test. We also did an analysis in subgroups according to different regions of China.
resultsA total of 2063 respondents were included in the analysis. No missing data were observed for the 5L dimensions and only one missing value was for the VAS score. 5L showed strong overall ceiling effects (71.1%). The ceiling effects were slightly weaker on the "pain/discomfort" (82.3%) and "anxiety/depression" (79.5%) dimensions compared with the other three dimensions (nearly 100%). The 5L weakly correlated with SHMS V1.0: the correlation coefficients were mainly between 0.2 and 0.3 for the two scores. 5L was yet not sensitive in distinguishing subgroups of respondents with different levels of sub-health, especially the subgroups with adjacent health status (p > 0.05). The results of subgroup analysis were generally consistent with those of the full sample.
conclusionsIt appears that the measurement properties of EQ-5D-5L in individuals with sub-health are not satisfactory in China. We thus should be cautious to use it in the population.
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