ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2023
Cigarettes, ENDS Use, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Incidence: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of electronic cigarette use and risk of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2025Pooled it
- All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Pooled it
- Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes.NEJM evidence · 2024Pooled it
- Comparison of e-Cigarette and Cigarette Use and Dual Use Associations With Disease: Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Pooled it
- A Brief History of COPD: As Told by Some of Its Senior Scientists and Clinicians.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Tobacco smoke but not e-cigarette vapor induces epithelial barrier disruption, inflammation, and DNA damage in human Calu-3 cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- E-cigarette Duration and Incident COPD Among Adults Aged 40 Years and Older with a Smoking History.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Association between menopausal age and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the mediating role of smoking: a study based on NHANES 1999-2018.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Rural-Urban Patterns in Household Rules Limiting Combustible Tobacco, Noncombustible Tobacco, and E-Cigarette Use.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- Inaccurate and misleading meta-analysis of E-cigarettes and population-based diseases.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Comparing smoking-related disease rates from e-cigarette use with those from tobacco cigarette use: a reanalysis of a recently-published study.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Association between electronic cigarette use and respiratory outcomes among people with no established smoking history: a comprehensive review and critical appraisal.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Review
- Observational studies of exposure to tobacco and nicotine products: Best practices for maximizing statistical precision and accuracy.iScience · 2025Review
- Association of e-cigarette and cigarette use with self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a multivariable analysis of a large United States data set.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Lifestyle Factors and Associations with Individual and Comorbid Cardiometabolic and Pulmonary Disease Among U.S. Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Reprint of: Smoking and pulmonary health in women: A narrative review and behavioral health perspective.Preventive medicine · 2024Review
- The prevalence and mortality risks of PRISm and COPD in the United States from NHANES 2007-2012.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Association of cigarette and electronic cigarette use patterns with all-cause mortality: A national cohort study of 145,390 US adults.Preventive medicine · 2024Article
- The potential impact of removing a ban on electronic nicotine delivery systems using the Mexico smoking and vaping model (SAVM).medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Respiratory chronic health conditions and racial disparities associated with e-cigarette use: a cross-sectional analysis using behavioral risk factor surveillance data.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionUnderstanding the relationship between ENDS use and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory conditions is critical. However, most previous studies have not fully adjusted for cigarette smoking history.
methodsUsing Waves 1-5 of the U.S. Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study, the association between ENDS use and self-reported incident COPD was examined among adults aged 40+ years using discrete-time survival models. Current ENDS use was measured as a time-varying covariate, lagged by 1 wave, defined as established daily or some days of use. Multivariable models were adjusted for baseline demographics (age, sex, race/ethnicity, education), health characteristics (asthma, obesity, exposure to second-hand smoke), and smoking history (smoking status and cigarette pack years). Data were collected between 2013 and 2019, and the analysis was conducted in 2021-2022.
resultsIncident COPD was self-reported by 925 respondents during the 5-year follow-up. Before adjusting for other covariates, time-varying ENDS use appeared to double COPD incidence risk (hazard ratio=1.98, 95% CI=1.44, 2.74). However, ENDS use was no longer associated with COPD (adjusted hazard ratio=1.10, 95% CI=0.78, 1.57) after adjusting for current cigarette smoking and cigarette pack years.
conclusionsENDS use did not significantly increase the risk of self-reported incident COPD over a 5-year period once current smoking status and cigarette pack years were included. Cigarette pack years, by contrast, remained associated with a net increase in COPD incidence risk. These findings highlight the importance of using prospective longitudinal data and adequately controlling for cigarette smoking history to assess the independent health effects of ENDS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.