Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36888890›Full record

SynthesisNutrition reviews2023

Metabolic impact of intermittent energy restriction and periodic fasting in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.

Elske L van den Burg, Petra G van Peet, Marjolein P Schoonakker, Dionysia E van de Haar, Mattijs E Numans, Hanno Pijl

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrition reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Elske L van den BurgDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3149-5304
Petra G van PeetDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Marjolein P SchoonakkerDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Dionysia E van de HaarDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Mattijs E NumansDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Hanno PijlDepartment of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3076-1551

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextThe effectiveness of intermittent energy restriction (IER) and periodic fasting (PF) in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a subject of discussion.

objectiveThe aim of this systematic review is to summarize current knowledge of the effects of IER and PF in patients with T2D on markers of metabolic control and the need for glucose-lowering medication. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, Emcare, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CENTRAL, Academic Search Premier, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, and LWW Health Library were searched for eligible articles on March 20, 2018 (last update performed November 11, 2022). Studies that evaluated the effects of IER or PF diets in adult patients with T2D were included. DATA EXTRACTION: This systematic review is reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed through the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The search identified 692 unique records. Thirteen original studies were included. DATA ANALYSIS: A qualitative synthesis of the results was constructed because the studies differed widely in terms of dietary interventions, study design, and study duration. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) declined in response to IER or PF in 5 of 10 studies, and fasting glucose declined in 5 of 7 studies. In 4 studies, the dosage of glucose-lowering medication could be reduced during IER or PF. Two studies evaluated long-term effects (≥1 year after ending the intervention). The benefits to HbA1c or fasting glucose were generally not sustained over the long term. There are a limited number of studies on IER and PF interventions in patients with T2D. Most were judged to have at least some risk of bias.

conclusionThe results of this systematic review suggest that IER and PF can improve glucose regulation in patients with T2D, at least in the short term. Moreover, these diets may allow for dosage reduction of glucose-lowering medication. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018104627.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2AdultDiet, ReducingFastingGlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHumansGlucoseGlycated Hemoglobindiabetes mellitus type 2dietHbA1cintermittent energy restrictionintermittent fastingtherapy

Identifiers

PMID36888890
PMCPMC10494137

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.