ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2023
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in elderly patients with primary liver cancer: a retrospective, multicenter, real-world cohort study.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Survival benefits of different immunotherapies for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis highlighting age, gender, etiology, and tumor burden.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Immune-related adverse events between elderly patients with gastrointestinal and lung cancers: A real-world study.Chinese medical journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Adaptive dosing of immunotherapy plus anti-angiogenic therapy in a nonagenarian with hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report with 10-year survival.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy improves clinical outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer by mediating anti-tumor immunity of CD8+ T (Tc1) and CD16+ NK cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Efficacy and safety of different PD-1 inhibitors in combination with lenvatinib in the treatment of unresectable primary liver cancer: a multicentre retrospective study.Discover oncology · 2023Article
- Biomarkers predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is still no specific real-world data regarding the clinical activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the elderly with liver cancer. Our study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors between patients aged ≥ 65 years and the younger group, while exploring their differences in genomic background and tumor microenvironment.
methodsThis retrospective study was conducted at two hospitals in China and included 540 patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for primary liver cancer between January 2018 and December 2021. Patients' medical records were reviewed for clinical and radiological data and oncologic outcomes. The genomic and clinical data of patients with primary liver cancer were extracted and analyzed from TCGA-LIHC, GSE14520, and GSE140901 datasets.
resultsNinety-two patients were classified as elderly and showed better progression-free survival (P = 0.027) and disease control rate (P = 0.014). No difference was observed in overall survival (P = 0.69) or objective response rate (P = 0.423) between the two age groups. No significant difference was reported concerning the number (P = 0.824) and severity (P = 0.421) of adverse events. The enrichment analyses indicated that the elderly group was linked to lower expression of oncogenic pathways, such as PI3K-Akt, Wnt, and IL-17. The elderly had a higher tumor mutation burden than younger patients.
conclusionsOur results indicated that immune checkpoint inhibitors might exhibit better efficacy in the elderly with primary liver cancer, with no increased adverse events. Differences in genomic characteristics and tumor mutation burden may partially explain these results.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.