Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36883903›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2023

Total and Subgenomic RNA Viral Load in Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Delta, and Omicron Variants.

Derek E Dimcheff, Christopher N Blair, Yuwei Zhu, James D Chappell, Manjusha Gaglani, Tresa McNeal, Shekhar Ghamande, Jay S Steingrub, Nathan I Shapiro, Abhijit Duggal and 32 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. SARS-CoV-2 peptide fragments selectively dysregulate specific immune cell populations via Gaussian curvature targeting.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. Quasi-species prevalence and clinical impact of evolving SARS-CoV-2 lineages in European COVID-19 cohorts, January 2020 to February 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

42 authors.

Derek E DimcheffDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Christopher N BlairDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Yuwei ZhuDepartment of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
James D ChappellDepartment of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Manjusha GaglaniBaylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3952-9230
Tresa McNealBaylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.
Shekhar GhamandeBaylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6924-9494
Jay S SteingrubDepartment of Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
Nathan I ShapiroDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abhijit DuggalDepartment of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Laurence W BusseDepartment of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Anne E P FroschDepartment of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Ithan D PeltanDepartment of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, USA.
David N HagerDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Michelle N GongDepartment of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Matthew C ExlineDepartment of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Akram KhanDepartment of Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Jennifer G WilsonDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Nida QadirDepartment of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Adit A GindeDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
David J DouinDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Nicholas M MohrDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Christopher MallowDepartment of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
Emily T MartinSchool of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Nicholas J JohnsonDepartment of Emergency Medicine and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Jonathan D CaseyDepartment of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
William B StubblefieldDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Kevin W GibbsDepartment of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Jennie H KwonDepartment of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
H Keipp TalbotDepartment of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Natasha HalasaDepartment of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Carlos G GrijalvaDepartment of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Adrienne BaughmanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Kelsey N WomackVanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Kimberly W HartDepartment of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Sydney A SwanDepartment of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Diya SurieCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Natalie J ThornburgCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Meredith L McMorrowCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Wesley H SelfDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Adam S LauringDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network

Funding

Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR) -Identifying correlates of functional immunity in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasmaUL1TR002243 · NCATS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Paul A. Harris, Wesley H Self · 2017 to 2026
$130.7M
Memory T follicular helper cell kinetics and localization during recall immune responses to tetanus vaccinationK08AI141761 · NIAID · HENNEPIN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI FROSCH, ANNE ELIZABETH PARKER · 2019 to 2023
$984k
Mentoring in transmission of influenza and strategies for preventionK24AI148459 · NIAID · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI GRIJALVA, CARLOS G · 2020 to 2024
$893k
Prehospital Activation of ED Teams to Improve Sepsis CareK23GM129661 · NIGMS · IHC HEALTH SERVICES, INC. · PI PELTAN, ITHAN DANIEL · 2019 to 2023
$786k
Restoring Endothelial Function After Traumatic Injury to Reduce ARDS and Multi-Organ DysfunctionK23HL165107 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI David J. Douin · 2023 to 2026
$759k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002243NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL165107NIAID NIH HHS K08 AI141761NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI148459NIGMS NIH HHS K23 GM129661
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomic and subgenomic RNA levels are frequently used as a correlate of infectiousness. The impact of host factors and SARS-CoV-2 lineage on RNA viral load is unclear.

methodsTotal nucleocapsid (N) and subgenomic N (sgN) RNA levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in specimens from 3204 individuals hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at 21 hospitals. RT-qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) values were used to estimate RNA viral load. The impact of time of sampling, SARS-CoV-2 variant, age, comorbidities, vaccination, and immune status on N and sgN Ct values were evaluated using multiple linear regression.

resultsMean Ct values at presentation for N were 24.14 (SD 4.53) for non-variants of concern, 25.15 (SD 4.33) for Alpha, 25.31 (SD 4.50) for Delta, and 26.26 (SD 4.42) for Omicron. N and sgN RNA levels varied with time since symptom onset and infecting variant but not with age, comorbidity, immune status, or vaccination. When normalized to total N RNA, sgN levels were similar across all variants.

conclusionsRNA viral loads were similar among hospitalized adults, irrespective of infecting variant and known risk factors for severe COVID-19. Total N and subgenomic RNA N viral loads were highly correlated, suggesting that subgenomic RNA measurements add little information for the purposes of estimating infectivity.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2AdultHumansRNARNA, ViralSubgenomic RNAViral LoadRNARNA, ViralSubgenomic RNASARS-CoV-2subgenomic RNAvariants of concernviral load

Identifiers

PMID36883903
PMCPMC10420395

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.