ArticleGut pathogens2023
Effect of probiotic supplementation on gastrointestinal motility, inflammation, motor, non-motor symptoms and mental health in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Article in Gut pathogens, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bibliometric analysis of dietary patterns in Parkinson's disease: from Mediterranean diet to emerging trends.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Co-administration of probiotics and vitamin D reduced disease severity and complications in patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial.Psychopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Preventive Attenuation of MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease-like Abnormalities byFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The gut neuroepithelial unit as a neurodegeneration-relevant interface in the gut-brain axis.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Probiotics unveiled: bridging general health benefits to the era of precision medicine.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Targeting the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Emerging Nanomedicine Approaches for Neurodegenerative Diseases.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Review
- Functional Reconstruction of the Gut Microecosystem in Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders: Roles of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics and Postbiotics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Probiotic supplementation for anxiety symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Gut-Brain Signaling in Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- "Unfolding Parkinson's Disease Through the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis".Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Review
- Lifestyle medicine in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Effects of Low-Intensity Treadmill Exercise on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in a 6-Hydroxydopamine (OHDA) Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease via Gut-Brain Axis Modulation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Infection-driven gut dysbiosis and epigenetic programming of microglia: toward a systems level framework linking microbial metabolites, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and probiotic modulation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota and Dopamine: Producers, Consumers, Enzymatic Mechanisms, and In Vivo Insights.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Enteric nervous system as a therapeutic target in gastrointestinal disorders.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- A Narrative Review on the Role of Microbiota and Microglia in Premotor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease.Neurotoxicity research · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiome as a Source of Probiotic Drugs for Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Small Intestinal Microbiota and the Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The Kynurenine Pathway in Gut Permeability and Inflammation.Inflammation · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Gut dysbiosis is hypothesized to cause PD; therefore, whether probiotics can be used as adjuvants in the treatment of PD is being actively investigated.
aimsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotic therapy in PD patients.
methodsPUBMED/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases were searched till February 20, 2023. The meta-analysis used a random effects model and the effect size was calculated as mean difference or standardized mean difference. We assessed the quality of the evidence using the Grade of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
resultsEleven studies involving 840 participants were included in the final analysis. This meta-analysis showed high-quality evidence of improvement in Unified PD Rating Scale Part III motor scale (standardized mean difference [95% confidence interval]) (- 0.65 [- 1.11 to - 0.19]), non-motor symptom (- 0.81 [- 1.12 to - 0.51]), and depression scale (- 0.70 [- 0.93 to -0.46]). Moderate to low quality evidence of significant improvement was observed in gastrointestinal motility (0.83 [0.45-1.10]), quality of life (- 1.02 [- 1.66 to - 0.37]), anxiety scale (- 0.72 [- 1.10 to - 0.35]), serum inflammatory markers (- 5.98 [- 9.20 to - 2.75]), and diabetes risk (- 3.46 [- 4.72 to - 2.20]). However, there were no significant improvements in Bristol Stool Scale scores, constipation, antioxidant capacity, and risk of dyslipidemia. In a subgroup analysis, probiotic capsules improved gastrointestinal motility compared to fermented milk.
conclusionProbiotic supplements may be suitable for improving the motor and non-motor symptoms of PD and reducing depression. Further research is warranted to determine the mechanism of action of probiotics and to determine the optimal treatment protocol.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.