ArticleJournal of translational medicine2023
Lactation duration and lifetime progression to metabolic syndrome in women according to their history of gestational diabetes: a prospective longitudinal community-based cohort study.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diabetes Type 2 in Women: The Impact of EndogenousOestrogen, A Population-Based Study With About 2 Decades of Follow-Up.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Article
- Analysis of medication adherence and influencing factors in postpartum patients with persistent hyperglycemia following gestational diabetes mellitus.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Legacy of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study; Evidence on Reproductive Lifespan and Cardiometabolic Health.International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Influence of endogenous estrogen exposure on the development of hypertension in a cohort study using multistate model analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Microarray Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Peripheral Blood of Postpartum Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Type 2 Diabetes.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Impact of Maternal Chronic Inflammatory Conditions on Breast Milk Composition: Possible Influence on Offspring Metabolic Programming.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Fracture incidence in women: the impact of reproductive characteristics.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Are Overweight and Obesity Risk Factors for Developing Metabolic Syndrome or Hypertension after a Preeclamptic Event?Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the many signs of progress in pharmacotherapies, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the main public-health burdens worldwide. Our study aimed to compare the effect of breastfeeding (BF) in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on MetS incidence.
methodsOf females who participated in the Tehran Lipid and glucose study, women who met our inclusion criteria were selected. The Cox proportional hazards regression model, with adjustment of potential confounders, was done to evaluate the relationship between duration of BF and incident of MetS in women with a GDM history compared to non-GDM.
resultsOut of 1176 women, there were 1001 non-GDM and 175 GDM. The median follow-up was 16.3 (11.9, 19.3) years. Results of the adjusted model illustrated that the total BF duration was negatively associated with MetS incidence risk (hazard ratio (HR) 0.98, 95% CI 0.98-0.99) in total participants indicating that per one-month increase of BF duration, the hazard of MetS reduced by 2%. The HR of MetS in Comparison between GDM and non-GDM women demonstrated significantly more reduced MetS incidence with a longer duration of exclusive BF (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.98).
conclusionsOur findings illustrated the protective effect of BF, especially exclusive BF, on MetS incidence risk. BF is more effective in reducing the risk of MetS among women with a history of GDM than among women without such a history.
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