Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36877316›Full record

Trial reportInternational ophthalmology2023

Effectiveness of binocular therapy as a complementary treatment of part-time patching in older amblyopic children: a randomized clinical trial.

Qing Zhu, Qi Zhao, Ran Liang, Xing He, Mingjun Gao

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in International ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Efficacy of patching combined with action video games in amblyopic children aged 4-10 years: A randomised clinical trial.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Trial
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Qing ZhuDepartment of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
Qi Zhao *Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China. zhaoqizq63@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7945-6649
Ran Liang *Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
Xing He *Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
Mingjun Gao *Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
Dalian Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess the effectiveness of combined use of stereoscopic 3D video movies and part-time patching in treating older amblyopic children with poor response or compliance to traditional patching treatments and comparing this combined treatment with patching alone.

methodsThirty-two children aged 5-12 years with amblyopia associated with anisometropia, strabismus, or both were recruited in a randomized clinical trial. Eligible participants were assigned randomly to the combined and patching groups. Here, binocular treatment refers to using the Bangerter filter to blur the fellow eye and subsequently watching a close-up 3D movie with large parallax. The primary outcome was amblyopic eye (AE) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement at six weeks. In addition, secondary outcomes included BCVA of AE improvement at three weeks and change of stereoacuity.

resultsOf 32 participants, mean (SD) age was 6.63 (1.46) years, and 19 (59%) were female. At 6 weeks, mean (SD) amblyopic eye VA improved by 0.17 ± 0.08 logMAR (2-sided 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.22; F = 57.2, p < 0.01) and 0.05 ± 0.04 logMAR (2-sided 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.09; F = 8.73, p = 0.01) in the combined and patching groups, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (mean difference, 0.13 logMAR [1.3 line]; 95% CI, 0.08-0.17 logMAR [0.8-1.7 lines]; t25 = 5.65, p < 0 .01). After treatment, only the combined group had significantly improved stereoacuity, such as binocular function score (median [interquartile range], 2.30 [2.23 to 2.68] vs. 1.69 [1.60 to 2.30] log arcsec; paired, z = -3.53, p < 0.01), and mean stereoacuity gain was 0.47 log arcsec (± 0.22). Changes in other types of stereoacuity were similar.

conclusionOur laboratory-based binocular treatment strategy engaged a high level of compliance that led to a substantial gain in visual function after a short period of treatment for older amblyopic children having poor response or compliance to traditional patching treatments. Notably, the improving stereoacuity showed a greater advantage.

Indexed as

AmblyopiaVideo GamesAgedChildComputers, HandheldEyeglassesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleSensory DeprivationTreatment OutcomeVision, BinocularAmblyopiaBinocular visionResidual amblyopiaStereoacuityVisual development

Identifiers

PMID36877316
OpenAlexW4323295099

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.