ArticleSouth African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde2023
Clinical impact of plasma concentrations of first-line antituberculosis drugs.
Article in South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02114684 (An Open Label Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing a 24Week Oral Regimen Containing Moxifloxacin With a 24 Week Standard Drug Regimen for the Treatment of Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients Previously Treated for TB), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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An Open Label Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing a 24Week Oral Regimen Containing Moxifloxacin With a 24 Week Standard Drug Regimen for the Treatment of Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients Previously Treated for TB
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exposure to the four first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs and treatment outcomes: a target trial emulation study in Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Exposure to the Four First-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs and Treatment Outcomes: A Target Trial Emulation Study in Ghana.Research square · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe clinical significance of low antituberculosis (anti-TB) drug concentrations has not been fully elucidated.
objectivesTo investigate the clinical consequences of first-line drug concentrations in adult patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TBin South Africa (SA).
methodWe conducted a pharmacokinetic study nested within the control arm of the Improving Treatment Success (IMPRESS) trial(NCT02114684) in Durban, SA. During the first 2 months of treatment, participants received weight-based dosing of first-line anti-TBdrugs (rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol), and had plasma drug concentrations measured at 2 and 6 hours after drugadministration during the 8th week of treatment. Intermediate (8 weeks), end-of-treatment (6 months) and follow-up TB outcomes wereassessed using World Health Organization criteria.
resultsWe measured plasma drug concentrations on available samples in 43 participants. Peak drug concentrations were below thetherapeutic range in 39/43 (90.7%) for rifampicin, 32/43 (74.4%) for isoniazid, 27/42 (64.3%) for pyrazinamide and 5/41 (12.2%) forethambutol. At the end of the intensive phase of treatment (week 8), 20.9% (n=9/43) of participants remained culture positive. We did notfind a relationship between the concentrations of first-line drugs and treatment outcomes at week 8. All participants were cured at the endof treatment, and there were no relapses during the 12-month follow-up period.
conclusionTreatment outcomes were favourable despite low drug concentrations as defined by current reference thresholds.
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