Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36876148›Full record

ArticleExploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy2023

Medication affordability discussions with older adults in primary care.

Josalynn Rightnour, Jennifer Baird, Kendall Benjamin, Megan Qing, Michael R Gionfriddo, Jamie McConaha, Rebecca Schoen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Josalynn RightnourDuquesne University School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, 321 Bayer Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
Jennifer BairdDuquesne University School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, 321 Bayer Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
Kendall BenjaminDuquesne University School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, 321 Bayer Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
Megan QingDuquesne University School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, 321 Bayer Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
Michael R GionfriddoDuquesne University School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, 321 Bayer Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
Jamie McConahaDuquesne University School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, 321 Bayer Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
Rebecca SchoenDuquesne University School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, 321 Bayer Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Cost is a major barrier to medication accessibility. While a minority of adults experience problems affording their medications, older adults are particularly vulnerable due to increased polypharmacy and fixed incomes.Clinicians can help reduce cost-related non-adherence and improve medication affordability; however, opportunities to improve affordability are often missed due to failure of the patient or clinician to discuss the issue. Objective: Identify the incidence and resolution of cost-related conversations between patients and clinicians during primary care visits. Methods: We conducted this quality improvement project at a primary care office. Student pharmacists observed in-person encounters with patients ≥65 years of age and documented the incidence of cost-related conversations and who initiated the conversation. After the visit, they asked if the patient had affordability issues. Patients and clinicians were blinded to the study purpose and hypothesis. Results: Students observed 79 primary care visits. Cost conversations (medication or non-medication related) occurred in 37% (29/79) of visits. Having concerns about affordability did not impact the likelihood of conversation about non-medication related healthcare costs (RR = 1.21 95% CI 0.35-4.19, Conclusion: Our results indicated that cost conversations did not routinely occur at our site. Failure to discuss costs, especially for patients with underlying cost concerns, may lead to cost related non-adherence and worse outcomes.

Indexed as

CI, Confidence IntervalConversationCOPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseCostElderlyMedicationPrimary careRR, Relative RiskSD, Standard Deviation

Identifiers

PMID36876148
PMCPMC9976569

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.