ArticleFrontiers in public health2023
Global, regional, and national burden of multiple sclerosis from 1990 to 2019: Findings of global burden of disease study 2019.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Measuring Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis: A Rapid Review.The patient · 2025Pooled it
- Long-term trends in selected neurological disorders in Italy (1990-2023): analysis of the global burden of disease (GBD) 2023 data.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of multiple sclerosis burden in China and India from 1990 to 2021 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Immunologic research · 2026Article
- Demyelinating disorders in women: epidemiology, immunology, and clinical implications across MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD.Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Neurology-Related Research Using the German Disease Analyzer Database: A Narrative Review of Studies Published Between 2020 and 2025.NeuroSci · 2026Review
- Advances in nanotechnology for the diagnosis and management of autoimmune diseases.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Real World Data of Laboratory Changes and Immunophenotyping in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Ofatumumab-Single Center Experience.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Article
- Development and clinical validation of a stroke-specific Gait Deviation Index.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- The Burden of Multiple Sclerosis in Japan from 1990 to 2021 and Predictions to 2050 Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Neuroepidemiology · 2026Article
- Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: New Therapeutic Approaches.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2025Review
- Secular trend in disease burden of atrial fibrillation/flutter in China from 1992 to 2021 and its projection in 25 years.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Elevated Oxidative Stress in Patients with Coexisting Multiple Sclerosis and Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Trauma Burden Affected People with Multiple Sclerosis During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Dysregulated Neurotransmission and the Role of Viruses in Alzheimer's Disease.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2025Review
- Age and sex as key determinants of multiple sclerosis incidence in Spain: a comprehensive analysis using the global burden of disease database (1990-2019).Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Distal median nerve dysfunction and carpal tunnel syndrome in people with multiple sclerosis treated with teriflunomide: an electrodiagnostic study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- The Potential Role of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Multiple Sclerosis Development: A Seroepidemiological Study in North Khorasan Province, Iran.Acta parasitologica · 2025Article
- Targeting SMOX Preserves Optic Nerve Myelin, Axonal Integrity, and Visual Function in Multiple Sclerosis.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The global rising prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported during the past decades. However, details regarding the evolution of MS burden have not been fully studied. This study aimed to investigate the global, regional, and national burden and temporal trends in MS incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019 using the age-period-cohort analysis. Methods: We performed a secondary comprehensive analysis of incidence, deaths, and DALYs of MS by calculating the estimated annual percentage change from 1990 to 2019 obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. The independent age, period, and birth cohort effects were evaluated by an age-period-cohort model. Results: In 2019, there were 59,345 incident MS cases and 22,439 MS deaths worldwide. The global number of incidences, deaths, and DALYs of MS followed an upward trend, whereas the age-standardized rates (ASR) slightly declined from 1990 to 2019. High socio-demographic index (SDI) regions had the highest ASR of incidences, deaths, and DALYs in 2019, while the rate of deaths and DALYs in medium SDI regions are the lowest. Six regions which include high-income North America, Western Europe, Australasia, Central Europe, and Eastern Europe had higher ASR of incidences, deaths, and DALYs than other regions in 2019. The age effect showed that the relative risks (RRs) of incidence and DALYs reached the peak at ages 30-39 and 50-59, respectively. The period effect showed that the RRs of deaths and DALYs increased with the period. The cohort effect showed that the later cohort has lower RRs of deaths and DALYs than the early cohort. Conclusion: The global cases of incidence, deaths, and DALYs of MS have all increased, whereas ASR has declined, with different trends in different regions. High SDI regions such as European countries have a substantial burden of MS. There are significant age effects for incidence, deaths, and DALYs of MS globally, and period effects and cohort effects for deaths and DALYs.
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