ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Bullous pemphigoid: The role of type 2 inflammation in its pathogenesis and the prospect of targeted therapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dupilumab treatment outcomes in bullous pemphigoid: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Risk of Incident Venous Thromboembolism Among Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid or Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Nationwide Cohort Study With Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Emerging Paediatric Uses of Dupilumab Beyond Approvals.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Review
- A rare case of keloid combined with bullous pemphigoid.Dermatology reports · 2026Article
- How age and sex interaction is associated with immune aging with implications for vaccines and age-related autoimmunity.npj aging · 2026Review
- Omalizumab in the management of bullous pemphigoid: a six-month retrospective study.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2026Article
- Dupilumab for Drug-Induced Bullous Pemphigoid: A Case Series and Literature Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Bullous eczema with hyaluronic acid deposition: A case report.JAAD case reports · 2025Article
- Hematological inflammatory biomarkers as predictors of the severity and outcomes of bullous pemphigoid: A retrospective cohort study.JAAD international · 2025Article
- The Central Role of Th2 Immune Response in Inflammatory Dermatoses: From Pathogenesis to Targeted Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bullous Pemphigoid-Associated S aureus Increases Protease Activity from Keratinocytes and Promotes Unique BP180 Cleavage.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Article
- Venous thromboembolism in bullous pemphigoid: current evidence from an updated systematic review.Dermatology reports · 2025Article
- Dupilumab as a treatment for bullous pemphigoid in a liver transplant recipient: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2025Article
- Case Report: Dupilumab in difficult-to-treat bullous pemphigoid at the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Pathophysiology of Bullous Pemphigoid: Role of Type 2 Inflammation and Emerging Treatment Strategies (Narrative Review).Advances in therapy · 2024Review
- Laboratory and clinical haemostatic aberrations in primary dermatologic disease: A review.Thrombosis journal · 2024Review
- Epidemiological Insights into Autoimmune Bullous Diseases in China: A Comprehensive Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics analysis of bullous pemphigoid unveils immune-stromal crosstalk in type 2 inflammatory disease.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Advancements in Bullous Pemphigoid Treatment: A Comprehensive Pipeline Update.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2024Review
- Advancing Treatment in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Comprehensive Review of Novel Therapeutic Targets and Approaches.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune disease that mainly occurs in the elderly, severely affecting their health and life quality. Traditional therapy for BP is mainly based on the systemic use of corticosteroids, but long-term use of corticosteroids results in a series of side effects. Type 2 inflammation is an immune response largely mediated by group 2 innate lymphoid cells, type 2 T helper cells, eosinophils, and inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Among patients with BP, the levels of immunoglobulin E and eosinophils are significantly increased in the peripheral blood and skin lesions, suggesting that the pathogenesis is tightly related to type 2 inflammation. To date, various targeted drugs have been developed to treat type 2 inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the general process of type 2 inflammation, its role in the pathogenesis of BP and potential therapeutic targets and medications related to type 2 inflammation. The content of this review may contribute to the development of more effective drugs with fewer side effects for the treatment of BP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.