ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2023
On offer to Ontario consumers three years after legalization: A profile of cannabis products, cannabinoid content, plant type, and prices.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association of driving with blood delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol: a systematic review.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Dose-Dependent Effects of Cannabis Edibles on Simulated Driving Performance: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Co-use of cannabis and tobacco in the same occasion: Acute effects. A systematic review.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Surveillance of Cannabis Strains Using Online Data: Observational Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Observational
- Adherence to Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines among Canadian college students: a regression analysis.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2026Article
- Adolescent cannabis use and psychological distress from 2013 to 2023: A population-based study in Ontario, Canada.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Cognitive performance and subjective effects the morning after last use of smoked cannabis by adults who use cannabis frequently: An observational study.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Article
- An update on cannabis products, cannabinoid content, plant type, and prices five years after legalization in Ontario, Canada.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Effects of naturalistic doses of cannabis edibles on cognition and association with blood THC.Psychopharmacology · 2026Observational
- Orally consumed cannabinoids: the effect of carrier oil on acute tissue distribution in male C57BL/6 mice.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Article
- Knowledge of Cannabinoid Content Among People Living with HIV Who Use Cannabis: a Daily Diary Study.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Cannabis use disorder: from neurobiology to treatment.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Cannabis and Driving in Older Adults.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Framing substance use as "recreational" is neither accurate nor helpful for prevention purposes.Journal of prevention (2022) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Cannabis was legalized in Canada in October 2018, regulating the production, distribution, sale, and possession of dried cannabis and cannabis oils. Additional products were legalized 1 year later, including edibles, concentrates, and topicals, with new lines of commercial products coming to market. Ontario is the most populous province in Canada and has the largest cannabis market with the highest number of in-person retail stores and the most cannabis products available online. This study aims to create a profile of products available to consumers three years after legalization by summarizing types of products, THC and CBD potency, plant type, and prices of product sub-categories. Methods: We extracted data from the website of the Ontario Cannabis Store (OCS)-the public agency overseeing the only online store and sole wholesaler to all authorized in-person stores-in the first quarter of 2022 (January 19-March 23). We used descriptive analyses to summarize the data. A total of 1,771 available products were mapped by route of administration into inhalation (smoking, vaping, and concentrates), ingestible (edibles, beverages, oils, and capsules) and topical. Results: Most inhalation products included ≥20%/g THC (dried flower: 94%; cartridges: 96%; resin: 100%) while ingestible products had similar proportions of THC and CBD content. Indica-dominant products tend to be more prominent in inhalation products while sativa-dominant products tend to be more prominent in ingestible products. The average sale price of cannabis was 9.30 $/g for dried flower, 5.79 $/0.1g for cartridges, 54.82 $/g for resin, 3.21 $/unit for soft chews, 1.37 $/ml for drops, 1.52 $/unit for capsules, and 39.94 $/product for topicals. Discussion: In summary, a wide variety of cannabis products were available to Ontarians for different routes of administration and provides numerous indica-dominant, sativa-dominant, and hybrid/blend options. The current market for inhalation products however is geared towards the commercialization of high-THC products.
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