ArticleEuropean journal of dentistry2024
Effect of A Fluoride Toothpaste Containing Enzymes and Salivary Proteins on Periodontal Pathogens in Subjects with Black Stain: A Pilot Study.
Article in European journal of dentistry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chromogenic bacterial staining of teeth: a scoping review.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the Effect of Enzyme and Protein-Containing Toothpaste on Gum Health: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveBlack stain (BS) is an extrinsic dental discoloration particularly difficult to treat. Although its etiology is not fully clear yet, chromogenic bacteria inside the oral cavity seem to be involved. In this pilot study, we evaluated whether a toothpaste containing enzymes and salivary proteins could improve oral health and reduce the presence of periodontal pathogens in subjects predisposed to BS discoloration. MATERIALS AND
methodsTwenty-six subjects were enrolled in the study: 10 subjects without BS; 16 subjects with BS, randomly assigned in two groups: test ( STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The prevalence of investigated microbial species in patients with/without BS was performed by Chi-squared test. The variation in the prevalence of the investigated species after treatment in test and control group was analyzed by
resultsClinical evaluation showed that 86% of participants with BS had a reduction in the Shourie index, independently from the toothpaste used. In particular, a greater reduction in the Shourie index was observed in subjects using an electric toothbrush. We did not observe an effect of the fluoride toothpaste containing enzymes and salivary proteins on the composition of the oral microbiota of the test subjects in comparison with controls. When comparing all subjects with BS (
conclusionWe verified that the use of an enzyme-containing toothpaste alone is not sufficient to prevent the formation of BS dental pigmentation in subjects predisposed to this discoloration. Mechanical cleaning, especially using electrical toothbrushes, seems to be useful to counteract BS formation. Moreover, our results suggest a possible association between BS and the presence of
Identifiers
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Registered trials
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