SynthesisAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2023
Antimicrobial resistance from a One Health perspective in Zambia: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- "One Health" perspective on the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and its antibiotic resistance profiles in South Africa: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Phenotypic and genotypic landscape of antibiotic resistance through One Health approach in Sri Lanka: A systematic review.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Pooled it
- One Health approach to mental health- mental health recovery in times of crisis: conference proceeding.BMC proceedings · 2026Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Cattle Farmers Regarding Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Selected Districts of Zambia.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antibiotic utilization in outpatient and inpatient hospitals in Zambia: a systematic review, key findings and public health implications.Infection prevention in practice · 2026Review
- Bridging knowledge and practice gaps in antimicrobial stewardship among veterinary professionals in Zambia's poultry sector: a mixed-methods pre-post intervention study.Frontiers in antibiotics · 2026Article
- Prevalence of ESBL-associated resistance genes and antimicrobial resistance inFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Consumption and Utilisation in Zambia: Results from the Analysis of National Data for the Human and Animal Health Sectors.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Implementation, Perceptions, and Barriers in Zambia: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Healthcare Professionals.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Current status and future direction of antimicrobial stewardship programs and antibiotic prescribing in primary care hospitals in Zambia.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Point Prevalence Survey of Antibiotic Use in Level 1 hospitals in Zambia: Future Prospects for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Impact of a hub-and-spoke approach to hospital antimicrobial stewardship programmes on antibiotic use in Zambia.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial resistance profiles of and associated risk factors forJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- The importance of "one health approach" to the AMR study and surveillance in Angola and other African countries.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Assessment of antimicrobial resistance laboratory-based surveillance capacity of hospitals in Zambia: findings and implications for system strengthening.The Journal of hospital infection · 2024Article
- The World Health Organization Access, Watch, and Reserve classification of antibiotics: an awareness survey among pharmacy professionals in a sub-Saharan country, Zambia.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- Gamification as an educational tool to address antimicrobial resistance: a systematic review.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Review
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Community Pharmacy Professionals on Poultry Antibiotic Dispensing, Use, and Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance in Zambia: Implications on Antibiotic Stewardship and WHO AWaRe Classification of Antibiotics.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely acknowledged as a global health problem, yet its extent is not well evaluated, especially in low-middle income countries. It is challenging to promote policies without focusing on healthcare systems at a local level, therefore a baseline assessment of the AMR occurrence is a priority. This study aimed to look at published papers relating to the availability of AMR data in Zambia as a means of establishing an overview of the situation, to help inform future decisions.
methodsPubMed, Cochrane Libraries, Medical Journal of Zambia and African Journals Online databases were searched from inception to April 2021 for articles published in English in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Retrieval and screening of article was done using a structured search protocol with strict inclusion/exclusion criteria.
resultsA total of 716 articles were retrieved, of which 25 articles met inclusion criteria for final analysis. AMR data was not available for six of the ten provinces of Zambia. Twenty-one different isolates from the human health, animal health and environmental health sectors were tested against 36 antimicrobial agents, across 13 classes of antibiotics. All the studies showed a degree of resistance to more than one class of antimicrobials. Majority of the studies focused on antibiotics, with only three studies (12%) highlighting antiretroviral resistance. Antitubercular drugs were addressed in only five studies (20%). No studies focused on antifungals. The most common organisms tested, across all three sectors, were Staphylococcus aureus, with a diverse range of resistance patterns found; followed by Escherichia coli with a high resistance rate found to cephalosporins (24-100%) and fluoroquinolones (20-100%).
conclusionsThis review highlights three important findings. Firstly, AMR is understudied in Zambia. Secondly, the level of resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics is significant across the human, animal, and environmental sectors. Thirdly, this review suggests that improved standardization of antimicrobial susceptibility testing in Zambia could help to better delineate AMR patterns, allow comparisons across different locations and tracking of AMR evolution over time.
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