ArticleEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2023
Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and folate and vitamin B12 levels in first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis: a retrospective chart review.
Article in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Alteration pattern of serum albumin levels in schizophrenia from first episode through remission to relapse: a longitudinal study.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Restoring brain barriers: an innovative approach for treating neurological disorders.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Review
- Urolithin A alleviates schizophrenic-like behaviors and cognitive impairment in rats through modulation of neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Schizophrenia: Insights, Mechanisms, and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Neuroinflammatory Loop in Schizophrenia, Is There a Relationship with Symptoms or Cognition Decline?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Universal method for the isolation of microvessels from frozen brain tissue: A proof-of-concept multiomic investigation of the neurovasculature.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- Neurological Implications of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Diet: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A Narrative Review of Nutritional Interventions for Schizophrenia: A Pathway to Personalized Care.Innovations in clinical neuroscienceReview
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin deficiency syndromes and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction are frequent phenomena in psychiatric conditions. We analysed the largest available first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis (FEP) cohort to date regarding routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood parameters to investigate the association between vitamin deficiencies (vitamin B12 and folate) and BBB impairments in FEP. We report a retrospective analysis of clinical data from all inpatients that were admitted to our tertiary care hospital with an ICD-10 diagnosis of a first-episode F2x (schizophrenia-spectrum) between January 1, 2008 and August 1, 2018 and underwent a lumbar puncture, blood-based vitamin status diagnostics and neuroimaging within the clinical routine. 222 FEP patients were included in our analyses. We report an increased CSF/serum albumin quotient (Qalb) as a sign of BBB dysfunction in 17.1% (38/222) of patients. White matter lesions (WML) were present in 29.3% of patients (62/212). 17.6% of patients (39/222) showed either decreased vitamin B12 levels or decreased folate levels. No statistically significant association was found between vitamin deficiencies and altered Qalb. This retrospective analysis contributes to the discussion on the impact of vitamin deficiency syndromes in FEP. Although decreased vitamin B12 or folate levels were found in approximately 17% of our cohort, we found no evidence for significant associations between BBB dysfunction and vitamin deficiencies. To strengthen the evidence regarding the clinical implications of vitamin deficiencies in FEP, prospective studies with standardized measurements of vitamin levels together with follow-up measurements and assessment of symptom severity in addition to CSF diagnostics are needed.
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