Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36869181›Full record

ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2023

Habitually Skipping Breakfast Is Associated with the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Evidence from the Kailuan Cohort Study.

Tong Liu, Yiming Wang, Xiaomeng Wang, Chenan Liu, Qi Zhang, Mengmeng Song, Chunhua Song, Qingsong Zhang, Hanping Shi

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Tong Liu *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China.
Yiming Wang *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
Xiaomeng Wang *Department of Education, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China.
Chenan LiuDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China.
Qi ZhangDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China.
Mengmeng SongDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China.
Chunhua Song *Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, ZhengzhouHenan, 450001, China. sch16@zzu.edu.cn.
Qingsong Zhang *Department of General Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China. klyy888888@163.com.
Hanping Shi *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China. shihp@ccmu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0003-4514-8693
Capital Medical University · CNChina International Science and Technology Cooperation · CNKailuan General Hospital · CNZhengzhou University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHabitually skipping breakfast may promote the initiation and progression of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, which have never been systematically explored in large-scale prospective studies.

methodsWe prospectively examined the effects of breakfast frequency on the occurrence of GI cancers among 62,746 participants. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of GI cancers were calculated by Cox regression. The CAUSALMED procedure was used to perform the mediation analyses.

resultsDuring a median follow-up of 5.61 (5.18 ~ 6.08) years, 369 incident GI cancer cases were identified. Participants who consumed 1-2 times breakfasts per week exhibited an increased risk of stomach (HR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.06-11.20) and liver cancer (HR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.22-9.53). Participants who did not eat breakfast had an elevated risk of esophageal (HR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.05-7.03), colorectal (HR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.34-4.01), liver (HR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.23-4.71), gallbladder, and extrahepatic bile duct cancer (HR = 5.43, 95% CI: 1.34-21.93). In the mediation effect analyses, BMI, CRP, and TyG (fasting triglyceride-glucose) index did not mediate the association between breakfast frequency and the risk of GI cancer incidence (all P for mediation effect > 0.05).

conclusionsHabitually skipping breakfast was associated with a greater risk of GI cancers including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, gallbladder, and extrahepatic bile duct cancer.

trial registrationKailuan study, ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489. Registered 24 August, 2011-Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=8050.

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsGastrointestinal NeoplasmsBreakfastCohort StudiesHumansProspective StudiesRisk FactorsBreakfastFrequencyGastrointestinal cancerProspective

Identifiers

PMID36869181
PMCPMC10465444
OpenAlexW4323036547

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.