Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36867686›Full record

ReviewProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023

On the evolution of variation in sexual reproduction through the prism of eukaryotic microbes.

Vikas Yadav, Sheng Sun, Joseph Heitman

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
11.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The Origin and Early Evolution of Fungi: Challenges, Inferences, and Principles.Annual review of cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Meiotic cohesin Rec8 imposes fitness costs on fission yeast gametes favoring the evolution of parental bias in gene expression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Genetic and environmental control of parasexual reproduction in the pathogenicMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review
  15. Dissecting the homeodomainbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Unisexual reproduction in the global human fungal pathogenProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  19. Unisexual reproduction in the global human fungal pathogenbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Vikas YadavDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0003-2650-9035
Sheng SunDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0002-2895-1153
Joseph HeitmanDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.ORCID 0000-0001-6369-5995
Duke Medical Center · US

Funding

Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locusR01AI050113 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2002 to 2024
$8.5M
ROLE OF CALCINEURIN IN C. NEOFORMANS MATING AND FRUITINGR01AI039115 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 1997 to 2025
$6.7M
RNAi-dependent epimutation roles in antimicrobial drug resistance and pathogenesisR01AI170543 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI JOSEPH HEITMAN · 2022 to 2026
$3.6M
HEPATIC OVAL CELLS IN CULTURE AND IN VIVOR01CA039225 · NCI · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI SIRICA, ALPHONSE E · 1986 to 2011
$3.1M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA039225NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI039115NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050113NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI170543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Almost all eukaryotes undergo sexual reproduction to generate diversity and select for fitness in their population pools. Interestingly, the systems by which sex is defined are highly diverse and can even differ between evolutionarily closely related species. While the most commonly known form of sex determination involves males and females in animals, eukaryotic microbes can have as many as thousands of different mating types for the same species. Furthermore, some species have found alternatives to sexual reproduction and prefer to grow clonally and yet undergo infrequent facultative sexual reproduction. These organisms are mainly invertebrates and microbes, but several examples are also present among vertebrates suggesting that alternative modes of sexual reproduction evolved multiple times throughout evolution. In this review, we summarize the sex-determination modes and variants of sexual reproduction found across the eukaryotic tree of life and suggest that eukaryotic microbes provide unique opportunities to study these processes in detail. We propose that understanding variations in modes of sexual reproduction can serve as a foundation to study the evolution of sex and why and how it evolved in the first place.

Indexed as

EukaryotaEukaryotic CellsAnimalsCell CommunicationExerciseFemaleMaleReproductionmating-typeparasexual reproductionpseudosexual reproductionsex chromosomesunisexual reproduction

Identifiers

PMID36867686
PMCPMC10013875
OpenAlexW4323031734

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.