ArticleThe oncologist2023
Variable Landscape of PD-L1 Expression in Breast Carcinoma as Detected by the DAKO 22C3 Immunohistochemistry Assay.
Article in The oncologist, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maintenance Pembrolizumab Therapy in Patients with Metastatic HER2-negative Breast Cancer with Prior Response to Chemotherapy.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Trial
- Combined positive score status in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer patients treated with sacituzumab govitecan: associated clinical characteristics and testing patterns in a Central European cohort.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Review
- Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Molecular Subtypes; Immune Escape; Limitations of Current Immunotherapy; and the BTLA/HVEM/CD160 Axis as an Emerging Target.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Review
- Immune system, inflammatory response, and regulated cell death in breast cancer research (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- ESR1 Expression Negatively Correlates with Immune Cell Infiltration and Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Estrogen Receptor-Positive/HER2-Negative Breast Cancer.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Immunogenicity Profile in High-Risk Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Unmet need for previously untreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a real-world study of patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2022 in the United States.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Trends and Disparities in the Use of Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in the US.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Current and future immunotherapy for breast cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Impact of Neoadjuvant Therapy on PD-L1 Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Correlation with Clinicopathological Factors.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn 2020, pembrolizumab was approved as a therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with the companion diagnostic DAKO 22C3 programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry assay. The study aimed to determine the landscape of PD-L1 expression as detected by the DAKO 22C3 PD-L1 assay in breast cancer subtypes and compare the clinicopathologic and genomic characteristics of PD-L1 positive and negative TNBC.
methodsPD-L1 expression using the DAKO 22C3 antibody was scored using a combined positive score (CPS) and positive status was defined as CPS ≥10. Comprehensive genomic profiling was performed using the FoundationOne CDx assay.
resultsOf the 396 BC patients stained with DAKO 22C3, the majority were HR+/HER2- and TNBC (42% and 36%, respectively). Median PD-L1 expression and frequency of CPS ≥10 was highest in TNBC cases (median: 7.5, 50% CPS ≥10) and lowest in the HR+/HER2- group (median: 1.0, 15.5% CPS ≥10) (P < .0001). A comparison of PD-L1 positive and PD-L1 negative TNBC demonstrated no significant differences in clinicopathologic or genomic characteristics. TNBC tissue samples from the breast did have an observed enrichment for PD-L1 positivity compared to TNBC tissue samples from a metastatic site (57% vs. 44%), but this was not statistically significant (P = .1766). In the HR+/HER2- group, genomic alterations in TP53, CREBBP, and CCNE1 were more prevalent and genomic loss of heterozygosity was higher in the PD-L1(+) group compared to the PD-L1(-) group.
conclusionsThe subtypes of breast cancer have distinct patterns of PD-L1 expression, supporting that further research of immunotherapies may include specific evaluation of optimum cutoffs for non-TNBC patients. In TNBC, PD-L1 positivity is not associated with other clinicopathologic or genomic features and should be integrated into future studies of immunotherapy efficacy.
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