ArticleEuropean journal of preventive cardiology2023
Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension associated lifetime cardiovascular risk in a longitudinal national registry.
Article in European journal of preventive cardiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of and associated factors for resistant hypertension in primary care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Empagliflozin in resistant hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the EMPEROR-Preserved trial.European heart journal · 2025Trial
- Article
- Importance of Hypercortisolism in BP Control, Cardiovascular Risk and in Patients With Difficult-to-Control Hypertension: An Overview for Primary Care Physicians.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Review
- Leveraging the Electronic Health Record to Identify and Manage Resistant Hypertension.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- Associations of 24-Hour Urinary Sodium, Potassium Excretion and Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio With Longitudinal Home Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Apparent Treatment-Resistant Hypertension.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Observational
- Ten-Year Results of Therapeutic Intravascular Ultrasound Renal Denervation in Resistant Hypertension: A Prospective Single-Center Study.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2026Article
- Article
- Long-Term Electrocardiographic Changes Following Renal Denervation-Left Ventricular Mass and Arrhythmia Burden.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Prognosis of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension and poor adherence: a nationwide cohort study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Observational
- The role of T cells in vascular aging, hypertension, and atherosclerosis.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Review
- The Global Burden of Resistant Hypertension and Potential Treatment Options.European cardiology · 2024Review
- Improving Hypertension Control in Vulnerable Populations Around the World.Current cardiology reports · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsApparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aRH), wherein blood pressure elevation requires treatment with multiple medications, is associated with adverse cardiovascular events over the short-term. We sought to evaluate the degree of excess risk associated with aRH across the lifespan. METHODS AND
resultsWe identified all individuals with hypertension who were prescribed at least one anti-hypertensive medication from the FinnGen Study, a cohort of randomly selected individuals across Finland. We then identified the maximum number of concurrently prescribed anti-hypertensive medication classes prior to age 55 and classified those co-prescribed ≥4 anti-hypertensive medication classes as aRH. Using multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, we assessed the association of aRH well as the number of co-prescribed anti-hypertensive classes with cardiorenal outcomes across the lifespan. Among 48 721 hypertensive individuals, 5715 (11.7%) met the aRH criteria. Compared to those prescribed only one anti-hypertensive medication class, the lifetime risk of renal failure increased with the addition of each additional medication class, beginning with the second, while the risk of heart failure and ischaemic stroke increased after addition of the third drug class. Similarly, those with aRH suffered increased risk of renal failure (hazard ratio 2.30, 95% CI 2.00-2.65), intracranial haemorrhage (1.50, 1.08-2.05), heart failure (1.40, 1.24-1.63) cardiac death (1.79, 1.45-2.21), and all-cause death (1.76, 1.52-2.04).
conclusionAmong individuals with hypertension, aRH that develops prior to mid-life is associated with substantially elevated cardiorenal disease risk across the lifespan.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.