ReviewTzu chi medical journal
The clinical application of intravesical botulinum toxin A injection in patients with overactive bladder and interstitial cystitis.
Review in Tzu chi medical journal. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic efficacy of multimodal therapy for patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome refractory to previous bladder monotherapy.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Article
- Pathophysiology and potential multimodal therapeutic strategies for IC/BPS.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Hunner Interstitial Cystitis Who Received Augmentation Enterocystoplasty or Bladder-Preserving Therapy.International neurourology journal · 2025Article
- Ultrasound guided transabdominal botulinum toxin injection for refractory overactive bladder treatment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Intravesical injection of peripheral blood mononuclear cell for the treatment of interstitial cystitis: A preliminary report.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Pathomechanism and Current Treatments for Chronic Interstitial Cystitis and Bladder Pain Syndrome.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- TRPV1 and mast cell involvement in repeated variate stress-induced urinary bladder dysfunction in adult female mice.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Article
- A cutting-edge new framework for the pain management in children: nanotechnology.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Special Issue: Gram-Positive Bacterial Toxins.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Lower urinary tract dysfunction in the central nervous system neurogenic bladder and the real-life treatment outcome of botulinum toxin A.Tzu chi medical journalReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) has been widely used in several urological functional disorders including neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO), overactive bladder (OAB), lower urinary tract dysfunction, and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Chronic inflammation is found in a large proportion of patients with OAB and IC/BPS. The chronic inflammation activates sensory afferents which resulting in central sensitization and bladder storage symptoms. Because BoNT-A can inhibit the sensory peptides released from the vesicles in sensory nerve terminals, the inflammation can be reduced and symptom subsided. Previous studies have demonstrated that the quality of life improved after BoNT-A injections, both in neurogenic and non-NDO. Although the use of BoNT-A in treatment of IC/BPS has not been approved by FDA, intravesical BoNT-A injection has been included in the AUA guideline as the fourth line therapy. Generally, intravesical injections of BoNT-A are well tolerated, though transient hematuria and urinary tract infection can occur after the procedure. In order to prevent these adverse events, experimental trials have been conducted to test if BoNT-A can be delivered into the bladder wall without intravesical injection under anesthesia such as using liposomes encapsulated BoNT-A or application of low energy shock wave on the bladder to facilitate BoNT-A penetrating across the urothelium and treat OAB or IC/BPS. This article reviews current clinical and basic researches of BoNT-A on OAB and IC/BPS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.