ArticleNeuro-oncology2023
Polio virotherapy targets the malignant glioma myeloid infiltrate with diffuse microglia activation engulfing the CNS.
Article in Neuro-oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunotherapy for Glioma: A compartmental framework for resistance and rational combination design.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- MS4A4A promotes macrophages M2 polarization via NF-κB /JAK-STAT6 axis, resulting GBM malignant progression.Oncogene · 2026Article
- CD155 and its receptors in glioma: prospects for emerging immune checkpoint inhibitors.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Review
- Viral Microglia Reprogramming Clears Oligomeric Neurotoxic Debris.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Heat up and Destroy: Immunotherapy of "Cold" Tumors Using the Example of Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lymphotropic Virotherapy Induces DC and High Endothelial Venule Inflammation, Promoting the Antitumor Efficacy of Intratumor Virus Administration.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- CD155 reprograms glycolysis via the YAP/TEAD1-GLUT1 axis to promote lung adenocarcinoma progression and M2 macrophage polarization: a metabolic-immune target visualized byJournal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Viral warriors: Unlocking the immune system's potential with oncolytic viruses in cancer immunotherapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Review
- Immunotherapeutic strategies targeting the PVR-TIGIT/CD96/CD226 signaling pathway in glioma treatment.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Recombinant Oncolytic Viruses: Hexagonal Warriors in the Field of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Polio virotherapy provokes MDA5 signaling and CD4Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint pathway regulates astrocyte morphogenesis and myelination during brain development.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Advances in Cellular Immune Theranostic Approaches for Glioblastoma: Current Trends and Future Directions.Cancer innovation · 2025Review
- Microglia and brain macrophages are differentially associated with tumor necrosis in glioblastoma: A link to tumor progression.Oncology research · 2025Article
- Use of complementary therapies and supportive measures of patients with intracranial gliomas-a prospective evaluation in an outpatient clinic.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Present and Future of Immunotherapy in Patients With Glioblastoma: Limitations and Opportunities.The oncologist · 2024Review
- Combination of Oncolytic Virotherapy with Different Antitumor Approaches against Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Elucidating cellular response to treatment with viral immunotherapies in pediatric high-grade glioma and medulloblastoma.Translational oncology · 2024Article
- Review
- Intratumor childhood vaccine-specific CD4Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMalignant gliomas commandeer dense inflammatory infiltrates with glioma-associated macrophages and microglia (GAMM) promoting immune suppression, evasion, and tumor progression. Like all cells in the mononuclear phagocytic system, GAMM constitutively express the poliovirus receptor, CD155. Besides myeloid cells, CD155 is widely upregulated in the neoplastic compartment of malignant gliomas. Intratumor treatment with the highly attenuated rhino:poliovirus chimera, PVSRIPO, yielded long-term survival with durable radiographic responses in patients with recurrent glioblastoma (Desjardins et al. New England Journal of Medicine, 2018). This scenario raises questions about the contributions of myeloid versus neoplastic cells to polio virotherapy of malignant gliomas.
methodsWe investigated PVSRIPO immunotherapy in immunocompetent mouse brain tumor models with blinded, board-certified neuropathologist review, a range of neuropathological, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence analyses, and RNAseq of the tumor region.
resultsPVSRIPO treatment caused intense engagement of the GAMM infiltrate associated with substantial, but transient tumor regression. This was accompanied by marked microglia activation and proliferation in normal brain surrounding the tumor, in the ipsilateral hemisphere and extending into the contralateral hemisphere. There was no evidence for lytic infection of malignant cells. PVSRIPO-instigated microglia activation occurred against a backdrop of sustained innate antiviral inflammation, associated with induction of the Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint on GAMM. Combining PVSRIPO with PD1/PD-L1 blockade led to durable remissions.
conclusionsOur work implicates GAMM as active drivers of PVSRIPO-induced antitumor inflammation and reveals profound and widespread neuroinflammatory activation of the brain-resident myeloid compartment by PVSRIPO.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.