Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36864260›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2025

Associations of alternative cannabis product use and poly-use with subsequent illicit drug use initiation during adolescence.

Jessica L Braymiller, Kira E Riehm, Madeline Meier, Evan A Krueger, Jennifer B Unger, Jessica L Barrington-Trimis, Junhan Cho, H Isabella Lanza, Danielle R Madden, Afton Kechter and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Trends in U.S. Adolescent Use of Vaping and Flavored Solutions for Marijuana Consumption, 2021-2024.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Jessica L BraymillerDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Kira E RiehmDepartment of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Madeline MeierDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA.
Evan A KruegerDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Jennifer B UngerDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Jessica L Barrington-TrimisDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Junhan ChoDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
H Isabella LanzaDepartment of Human Development, California State University, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA.
Danielle R MaddenInstitute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto Street, #302-C, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
Afton KechterDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Adam M LeventhalDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. adam.leventhal@usc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1217-525X
University of Southern California · USArizona State University · USCalifornia State University, Long Beach · USJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

Vaping Nicotine and Cannabis Across Adolescence and Young AdulthoodR01CA229617 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BARRINGTON-TRIMIS, JESSICA LOUISE, LEVENTHAL, ADAM MATTHEW · 2019 to 2024
$4.3M
Mental Health Services and Systems Training ProgramT32MH109436 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Matthew Eisenberg, Elizabeth A. Stuart · 2017 to 2026
$1.7M
Tobacco Use Treatment Research for Vulnerable PopulationsK24DA048160 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Adam Matthew Leventhal · 2019 to 2026
$1.4M
Understanding Transitions from Vaping to Smoking Across AdolescenceK01DA042950 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BARRINGTON-TRIMIS, JESSICA LOUISE · 2017 to 2021
$1.0M
NCI NIH HHS K24DA048160NCI NIH HHS R01 CA229617NCI NIH HHS R01CA229617NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA042950NIDA NIH HHS K01DA042950-01NIDA NIH HHS K24 DA048160NIMH NIH HHS 5T32MH109436-03NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH109436
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleSpecific cannabis products may differentially increase risk of initiating non-cannabis illicit drug use during adolescence.

objectiveTo determine whether ever- and poly-use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, or blunt cannabis products are associated with subsequent initiation of non-cannabis illicit drug use.

methodsHigh school students from Los Angeles completed in-classroom surveys. The analytic sample (N = 2163; 53.9% female; 43.5% Hispanic/Latino; baseline M age = 17.1 years) included students who reported never using illicit drugs at baseline (spring, 11th grade) and provided data at follow-up (fall and spring, 12th grade). Logistic regression models assessed associations between use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, and blunt cannabis at baseline (yes/no for each product) and any non-cannabis illicit drug use initiation-including cocaine, methamphetamine, psychedelics, ecstasy, heroin, prescription opioids, or benzodiazepines-at follow-up.

resultsAmong those who never used non-cannabis illicit drugs at baseline, ever cannabis use varied by cannabis product (smoked = 25.8%, edible = 17.5%, vaporized = 8.4%, concentrates = 3.9%, and blunts = 18.2%) and patterns of use (single product use = 8.2% and poly-product use = 21.8%). After adjustment for baseline covariates, odds of illicit drug use at follow-up were largest for baseline ever users of concentrates (aOR [95% CI] = 5.74[3.16-10.43]), followed by vaporized (aOR [95% CI] = 3.11 [2.41-4.01]), edibles (aOR [95% CI] = 3.43 [2.32-5.08]), blunts (aOR [95% CI] = 2.66[1.60-4.41]), and smoked (aOR [95% CI] = 2.57 [1.64-4.02]) cannabis. Ever use of a single product (aOR [95% CI] = 2.34 [1.26-4.34]) or 2 + products (aOR [95% CI] = 3.82 [2.73-5.35]) were also associated with greater odds of illicit drug initiation.

conclusionsFor each of five different cannabis products, cannabis use was associated with greater odds of subsequent illicit drug use initiation, especially for cannabis concentrate and poly-product use.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorCannabisIllicit DrugsMarijuana SmokingMarijuana UseSubstance-Related DisordersAdolescentFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLogistic ModelsLos AngelesMaleIllicit DrugsAdolescentsCannabisEdiblePoly-substance useVaping

Identifiers

PMID36864260
PMCPMC10475141
OpenAlexW4323036479

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.