ArticleToxicology2023
Cyanotoxin exposure and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Toxicology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interannual variation in freshwater and marine phycotoxins quantified from oysters cultured across diverse coastal sites.Aquaculture reports · 2026Article
- Omics Insights into Cylindrospermopsin's Molecular Toxicity.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Toxic Cyanopeptides Monitoring in Thermal Spring Water by Capillary Electrophoresis Tandem Mass Spectrometry.Toxins · 2025Article
- Cytotoxicity Modulated by Cyanotoxins in Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells.Journal of Experimental Pathology · 2025Article
- Role of cyanotoxins in the development and promotion of cancer.Toxicology reports · 2024Review
- Microcystin-LR in drinking water: An emerging role of mitochondrial-induced epigenetic modifications and possible mitigation strategies.Toxicology reports · 2024Review
- Cyanotoxin Occurrence and Diversity in 98 Cyanobacterial Blooms from Swedish Lakes and the Baltic Sea.Marine drugs · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in aquatic and terrestrial environments worldwide and include a number of species producing tumor-promoting hepatotoxins. Human exposure to cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins primarily occurs though ingestion of contaminated drinking water and food sources. In a Northeast U.S. population, we recently reported an independent association of oral cyanobacteria with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In a cross-sectional study of 55 HCC patients in Hawaii, U.S.A., serum microcystin/nodularin (MC/NOD), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), and anabaenopeptin (AB) were measured by ELISA. In a subset of 16 patients, cyanotoxin levels were compared by tumor expression of over 700 genes analyzed via the Nanostring nCounter Fibrosis panel. MC/NOD, CYN, and AB were detected in all HCC patients. MC/NOD and CYN levels significantly varied by etiology with the highest levels in cases attributed to metabolic risk factors, specifically, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Cyanotoxin levels were significantly positively correlated with tumor expression of genes functioning in PPAR signaling and lipid metabolism. Our study provides novel albeit limited evidence that cyanotoxins may a role in the pathogenesis of HCC through the dysregulation of lipid metabolism and progression of hepatic steatosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.