ReviewJournal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology2023
COVID-19 Therapeutics: Use, Mechanism of Action, and Toxicity (Vaccines, Monoclonal Antibodies, and Immunotherapeutics).
Review in Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and Efficacy of Pemivibart, a Long-Acting Monoclonal Antibody, for Prevention of Symptomatic COVID-19: Interim Results From a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial (CANOPY).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Trial
- Evaluation of consistency in adverse event reporting between trial registry and publications in COVID-19 pharmacological intervention trials.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
- Non-neutralizing antibodies to influenza A matrix-protein-2-ectodomain are broadly effective therapeutics and resistant to viral escape mutations.Science advances · 2025Article
- Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Following COVID-19 Vaccination in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Comparative analysis of humoral immunity kinetics following three COVID-19 vaccines in a multi-ethnic cohort of medical students and healthcare professionals across Malaysia.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Enhancing Relation Extraction for COVID-19 Vaccine Shot-Adverse Event Associations with Large Language Models.Research square · 2025Article
- Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 mortality: a retrospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- A review of the scientific literature on experimental toxicity studies of COVID-19 vaccines, with special attention to publications in toxicology journals.Archives of toxicology · 2024Review
- A Structural Comparison of Oral SARS-CoV-2 Drug Candidate Ibuzatrelvir Complexed with the Main Protease (MJACS Au · 2024Article
- 1-L Transcription of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 Subunit.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Differentiating Cell Entry Potentials of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants on Human Lung Epithelium Cells.Viruses · 2024Article
- Causes and Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Pregnant Women and its Association with Adverse Maternal, Placental, and Perinatal Outcomes.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2024Review
- Hyperimmune Plasma and Immunoglobulins against COVID-19: A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Predictors of 2-year mortality in geriatric patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Türkiye: a retrospective cohort study.Biomarkers in medicine · 2024Article
- An Overview of SARS-CoV-2 Etiopathogenesis and Recent Developments in COVID-19 Vaccines.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Article
- COVID-19 retreats and world recovers: A silver lining in the dark cloud.Health care science · 2023Review
- Impact of vaccination and non-pharmacological interventions on COVID-19: a review of simulation modeling studies in Asia.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 emerged in December 2019 and led to the COVID-19 pandemic. Efforts to develop therapeutics have led to innovations such as mRNA vaccines and oral antivirals. Here we provide a narrative review of the biologic therapeutics used or proposed to treat COVID-19 during the last 3 years. This paper, along with its companion that covers xenobiotics and alternative remedies, is an update to our 2020 paper. Monoclonal antibodies prevent progression to severe disease, are not equally effective across variants, and are associated with minimal and self-limited reactions. Convalescent plasma has side effects like monoclonal antibodies, but with more infusion reactions and less efficacy. Vaccines prevent progression for a larger part of the population. DNA and mRNA vaccines are more effective than protein or inactivated virus vaccines. After mRNA vaccines, young men are more likely to have myocarditis in the subsequent 7 days. After DNA vaccines, those aged 30-50 are very slightly more likely to have thrombotic disease. To all vaccines we discuss, women are slightly more likely to have an anaphylactic reaction than men, but the absolute risk is small.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.