ArticleNeurologia medico-chirurgica2023
Cerebrospinal Fluid Production and Absorption and Ventricular Enlargement Mechanisms in Hydrocephalus.
Article in Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring and translating novel approaches targeting the choroid plexus for the treatment of hydrocephalus: a literature review.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Review
- Clinical and imaging findings after antiviral treatment in cats with presumptive neurologic feline infectious peritonitis: 9 cases (2020-2024).Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Quantitative assessment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and obstructive hydrocephalus based on glymphatic parameters.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- Altered cerebrospinal fluid-based clearance mechanisms in aging autistic adults.Research square · 2026Article
- Choroidal-ventricular system abnormalities are linked to amyloid-β aggregation in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- From the past to the present: evolving theories in the pathophysiology of normal pressure hydrocephalus.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2026Review
- Exploratory assessment of cerebrospinal fluid-related microdynamics after mild traumatic brain injury using intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Choroid plexus volume variation in patients with gliomas, glioneuronal and neuronal tumors: Associations with tumor characteristics.PloS one · 2026Observational
- Subarachnoid cisterns as surgical corridors: Integrating microsurgical anatomy and neuroimaging for intracranial navigation.Surgical neurology international · 2026Review
- Association between perivascular spaces, DTI-derived Indices, and choroid plexus with ventriculomegaly and white matter hyperintensity in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.Neurosurgical review · 2025Article
- Parasagittal dural space and arachnoid granulations morphology in pre-clinical and early clinical multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Automatic measurement and reference values setting of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid volume: a large-scale analysis of computed tomography images.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- A Lumped Parameter Modelling Study of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Suggests the CSF Formation Rate Varies with the Capillary Transmural Pressure.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Volumetric Changes of the Choroid Plexus before and after Spinal CSF Leak Repair.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Lateral Ventricular Enlargement and Asymmetry and Myelin Content Imbalance in Individuals With Bipolar and Depressive Disorders: Clinical and Research Implications.Bipolar disorders · 2025Article
- A single-cell compendium of human cerebrospinal fluid identifies disease-associated immune cell populations.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Intracranial Air Absorption through Arachnoid Granulation: New Considerations from Transsphenoidal Surgery and Implications for Neurofluid Dynamics.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2025Article
- Covert cerebrospinal fluid dynamics dysfunction: evolution from conventional to innovative therapies.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- A Case of Normal-pressure Hydrocephalus Caused by Cauda Equina Capillary Malformation.NMC case report journal · 2025Article
- Anatomical variants of the posterior horns of the lateral ventricles: an MRI study.Frontiers in neuroimaging · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production and absorption concept significantly changed in the early 2010s from "third circulation theory" and "classical bulk flow theory" to a whole new one as follows: First, CSF is mainly produced from interstitial fluid excreted from the brain parenchyma, and CSF produced from the choroid plexus plays an important role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Second, CSF is not absorbed in the venous sinus via the arachnoid granules, but mainly in the dural lymphatic vessels. Finally, the ventricles and subarachnoid spaces have several compensatory direct CSF pathways at the borders attached to the choroid plexus, e.g., the inferior choroidal point of the choroidal fissure, other than the foramina of Luschka and Magendie. In idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), the lateral ventricles and basal cistern are enlarged simultaneously due to the compensatory direct CSF pathways. The average total intracranial CSF volume increased from about 150 mL at 20 years to about 350 mL at 70 years due to the decrease in brain volume with aging and further increased above 400 mL in patients with iNPH. CSF movements are composed of a steady microflow produced by the rhythmic wavy movement of motile cilia on the ventricular surface and dynamic pulsatile flow produced by the brain and cerebral artery pulsation, respiration, and head movement. Pulsatile CSF movements might totally decrease with aging, but it in the ventricles might increase at the foramina of Magendie and Luschka dilation. Aging CSF dynamics are strongly associated with ventricular dilatation in iNPH.
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