ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2023
Functional Connectivity Mapping for rTMS Target Selection in Depression.
Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Subcallosal cingulate functional connectivity in depression: a systematic review of brain stimulation-induced changes and pretreatment connectivity predictors.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Predicting the treatment outcomes of major depressive disorder interventions with baseline resting-state functional connectivity: a meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Global trends and research hotspots in the treatment of mental disorders with transcranial magnetic stimulation: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Functional and structural effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia: A systematic review.Schizophrenia research · 2024Pooled it
- Target engagement in a head-to-head clinical trial of dysphoric versus anxiosomatic transcranial magnetic stimulation targets.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Task-guided accelerated cTBS simultaneously treats depression and social dysfunction in patients with major depressive disorder: a randomized clinical trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Comparing neuromodulation targets to reduce cigarette craving and withdrawal: a randomized clinical trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Intrinsic functional architecture predicts remote motor cortical excitability changes induced by intermittent theta-burst stimulation.iScience · 2026Article
- Prospective Development of a Whole-Brain Connectivity and Electric Field-Guided Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Atlas for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Towards precision psychiatry: initial foundations and future directions.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Next-Generation Neuromodulation for Anxiety: Circuit-Based and Personalized Approaches.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Review
- Reward pursuit during a translational reward task correlates with anhedonia reductions following rTMS in patients with major depressive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Distinct Biotypes of Visual Perception in Major Depressive Disorder.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Non-invasive Neuromodulation Targeting Approach by Mapping Stimulations and Lesions That Modify Visual Memory.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Personalized Connectivity-Guided Accelerated Brain Stimulation in a Naturalistic Treatment-Resistant Depression Population.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- High dosage accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation without precision targeting and dosing in depression: an open-label pilot study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols increasingly use subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) functional connectivity to individualize treatment targets. However, the efficacy of this approach is unclear, with conflicting findings and varying effect sizes across studies. Here, the authors investigated the effect of the stimulation site's functional connectivity with the sgACC (sgACC-StimFC) on treatment outcome to rTMS in 295 patients with major depression.
methodsThe reliability and accuracy of estimating sgACC functional connectivity were validated with data from individuals who underwent extensive functional MRI testing. Electric field modeling was used to analyze associations between sgACC-StimFC and clinical improvement using standardized assessments and to evaluate sources of heterogeneity.
resultsAn imputation-based method provided reliable and accurate sgACC functional connectivity estimates. Treatment responses weakly but robustly correlated with sgACC-StimFC (r=-0.16), but only when the stimulated cortex was identified using electric field modeling. Surprisingly, this association was driven by patients with strong global signal fluctuations stemming from a specific periodic respiratory pattern (r=-0.49).
conclusionsFunctional connectivity between the sgACC and the stimulated cortex was correlated with individual differences in treatment outcomes, but the association was weaker than those observed in previous studies and was accentuated in a subgroup of patients with distinct, respiration-related signal patterns in their scans. These findings indicate that in a large representative sample of patients with major depressive disorder, individual differences in sgACC-StimFC explained only ∼3% of the variance in outcomes, which may limit the utility of existing sgACC-based targeting protocols. However, these data also provide strong evidence for a true-albeit small-effect and highlight opportunities for incorporating additional functional connectivity measures to generate models of rTMS response with enhanced predictive power.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.