ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2023
T7 peptide-decorated exosome-based nanocarrier system for delivery of Galectin-9 siRNA to stimulate macrophage repolarization in glioblastoma.
Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomaterial engineering of the tumor glycocalyx for cancer immunotherapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Exosome-mediated siRNA delivery in cancer: Loading strategies, targeting approaches, and therapeutic outcomes.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Glioblastoma exosomes reprogramming the tumor microenvironment and evading therapeutic challenges.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Engineered Extracellular Vesicles in Glioma Therapy: Recent Advances and Applications.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Galectins at the crossroads of tumor immunity, metabolism, and metastasis: mechanisms, therapeutic resistance, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Peptide-Engineered Seliciclib Nanomedicine for Brain-Targeted Delivery and Neuroprotection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles for the delivery of gene therapy.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- The Roles of Exosomes in Anti-Cancer Drugs.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Current Understanding of the Exosomes and Their Associated Biomolecules in the Glioblastoma Biology, Clinical Treatment, and Diagnosis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Review
- Innovative treatment of age-related hearing loss using MSCs and EVs with Apelin.Cell biology and toxicology · 2025Article
- Exosome engineering for targeted therapy of brain-infecting pathogens: molecular tools, delivery platforms, and translational advances.Frontiers in medical technology · 2025Review
- Orchestration of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in the Tumor Cell-Macrophage-CD8International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Combined Strategies for Nanodrugs Noninvasively Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier and Actively Targeting Glioma Lesions.Biomaterials research · 2025Review
- The multiple roles of interferon regulatory factor family in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Polypeptides-Based Nanocarriers in Tumor Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Nucleic Acid Armor: Fortifying RNA Therapeutics through Delivery and Targeting Innovations for Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Exosomes as drug delivery systems in glioma immunotherapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- From bench to bedside: The promising value of exosomes in precision medicine for CNS tumors.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Mutual regulation of PD-L1 immunosuppression between tumor-associated macrophages and tumor cells: a critical role for exosomes.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Application of exosomes in tumor immunity: recent progresses.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeExosomes are nano-vesicular carriers capable of delivering cargoes for intercellular communication, which holds potential as biocompatible and high efficiency systems for drug delivery. In this study, we evaluated the potential effect of T7 peptide-decorated exosome-loaded Galectin-9 siRNA (T7-Exo/siGalectin-9) in the M1 polarization of macrophages and immunosuppression of glioblastoma (GBM).
methodsDifferentially expressed genes in GBM were in silico predicted and then experimentally verified. Galectin-9 was knocked down by siRNA to assess its role in tumor-bearing mice. T7 peptide-decorated exosomes (derived from human embryonic kidney [HEK]-293T cells) targeting GBM were prepared, and loaded with Galectin-9 siRNA by electroporation to prepare nanoformulations (T7-Exo/siGalectin-9). The role of T7-Exo/siGalectin-9 in CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity to target GBM cells and polarization of macrophages was evaluated after artificial modulation of Galectin-9 expression. Anti-tumor effects of T7-Exo/siGalectin-9 were elucidated in vitro and in vivo.
resultsGalectin-9 was highly expressed in GBM tissues and cell lines. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of Galectin-9 repressed the growth of xenografts of GBM cells in C57BL/6 mice and activated immune response in the tumor microenvironment. T7-Exo/siGalectin-9 effectively delivered siGalectin-9 to GBM cells. T7-Exo/siGalectin-9 contributed to activation of the TLR7-IRF5 pathway, which polarized macrophages to M1 phenotype. By this mechanism, phagocytosis of GBM cells by macrophages was increased, the anti-tumor effect of CD8+ T cells was enhanced and the inflammatory responses were suppressed.
conclusionOverall, T7-Exo/siGalectin-9 promotes macrophage repolarization and restricts the immunosuppression of GBM, thus providing novel insights into and drug delivery system of immunotherapy for GBM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.