Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36853640›Full record

ArticleGlobal health, science and practice2023

Down But Not Out: Vasectomy Is Faring Poorly Almost Everywhere-We Can Do Better To Make It A True Method Option.

Roy Jacobstein, Scott Radloff, Farhad Khan, Kathryn Mimno, Manoj Pal, Jennifer Snell, Renae Stafford, Cheick Touré, Vandana Tripathi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Global health, science and practice, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Vasectomy Procedures on the Rise in France From 2010 to 2022.Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. The review of the long-term health risks associated with vasectomy.International journal of impotence research · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Comparing vasectomy techniques, recovery and complications: tips and tricks.International journal of impotence research · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Prevalence of vasectomy and tubal ligation: time series analysis Brazil, 2006-2019.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Is there a future for hysteroscopic sterilisation?Facts, views & vision in ObGyn · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. A baseline audit of post-vasectomy follow-up at three Cape Town district health facilities.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2024
    Article
  18. The landscape of male contraception A narrative review.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2024
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Roy JacobsteinConsultant, Cary, NC, USA. rjacobstein@intrahealth.org.
Scott RadloffThe Bill & Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Farhad KhanMOMENTUM Safe Surgery in Family Planning and Obstetrics, EngenderHealth, Washington, DC, USA.
Kathryn MimnoMOMENTUM Safe Surgery in Family Planning and Obstetrics, IntraHealth International, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Manoj PalMOMENTUM Safe Surgery in Family Planning and Obstetrics, EngenderHealth, New Delhi, India.
Jennifer SnellMOMENTUM Safe Surgery in Family Planning and Obstetrics, IntraHealth International, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Renae StaffordMOMENTUM Safe Surgery in Family Planning and Obstetrics, EngenderHealth, Washington, DC, USA.
Cheick TouréMOMENTUM Safe Surgery in Family Planning and Obstetrics, IntraHealth International, Bamako, Mali.
Vandana TripathiMOMENTUM Safe Surgery in Family Planning and Obstetrics, EngenderHealth, Washington, DC, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDemand for vasectomy-1 of 2 contraceptive methods for men-has been low, with deep-seated myths, misconceptions, and provider bias against it widespread. Programmatic attention and donor funding have been limited and sporadic.

methodsWe analyzed vasectomy use in 84 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) plus the 11 high-income countries with vasectomy prevalence above 1%. These 95 countries comprise 90% of the world's population. Data come from United Nations survey compilations, population estimates, and gender inequality rankings. We also reviewed recent articles on vasectomy and analyses of chronic challenges to vasectomy service provision.

resultsVasectomy use is 61% lower now than 2 decades ago. Of 922 million women using contraception worldwide, 17 million rely on vasectomy-27 million fewer than in 2001. In contrast, 219 million women use tubectomy-8 million more than in 2001. Of 84 LMICs, 7 report vasectomy prevalence above 2%. In 56 LMICs, no more than 1 in 1,000 women relies on vasectomy. Female-to-male disparities in permanent method use widened globally, from 5:1 to 13:1, and are much higher in some regions and countries (e.g., 76:1 in India). Countries with the highest vasectomy prevalence are among those with the highest gender equality and vice versa.

conclusionVasectomy use is surprisingly low globally and declining. Use remains negligible in almost all LMICs, reflecting low demand and program priority. For vasectomy to become an accessible, rights-based option, program efforts need to be holistic, ensuring an enabling environment while coordinating demand- and service-focused efforts. Vasectomy champions at all levels should be supported on a sustained basis. On the demand side, harnessing mass and social media to increase accurate knowledge and normalize vasectomy as a method and service will be particularly valuable. Evidence from Bolivia suggests relatively few trained providers and procedures could result in a country's attaining 1% vasectomy prevalence.

Indexed as

Social MediaVasectomyContraceptionFemaleGender EquityHumansIndiaMale

Identifiers

PMID36853640
PMCPMC9972380

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.