ReviewForensic science, medicine, and pathology2024
The need to monitor emerging issues in etomidate usage: the misuse or abuse potential.
Review in Forensic science, medicine, and pathology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug-laced vaping-implications and emerging perioperative challenges for the anesthesiologist: a narrative review.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2026Review
- Development of a Quantum Dot-Based Immunochromatographic Assay for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Non-Medical Etomidate Abuse.Biosensors · 2026Article
- An Ultra-High performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of etomidate, analogues, and metabolites in human nail: Unveiling a unique accumulation profile.Forensic toxicology · 2026Article
- Disrupted Functional Brain Network Topology in Etomidate Misuse.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Article
- A nomogram model to predict the risk for etomidate use disorder with antisocial personality disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Chiral analysis of etomidate and metomidate enantiomers in hair by UHPLC-MS/MS: application to authentic human hair samples and enantiomeric fraction assessment.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Beyond adrenal suppression: a comprehensive post-marketing safety profile of etomidate from real world data.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Perceived stress and severity of male etomidate use disorder in China: a moderated mediation model of anxiety symptoms severity and emotion regulation difficulties.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Identification of two novel imidazole-derived GABA agonists butomidate and tf-etomidate in e-cigarette liquids.Forensic toxicology · 2026Article
- Article
- Feature fusion analysis approach based on synchronous EEG-fNIRS signals: application in etomidate use disorder individuals.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- How to trace etomidate in illegal E-cigarettes from authentic human hair: identification, quantification and multiple-factor analysis.Forensic toxicology · 2025Article
- A review of recent advances in anesthetic drugs for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Au Ordered Array Substrate for Rapid Detection and Precise Identification of Etomidate in E-Liquid Through Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Acquired 11β-hydroxylase Deficiency by Inhaled Etomidate and its Analogues: A Mimic of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.JCEM case reports · 2024Article
- A case of fatal poisoning caused by etomidate: evidence from pathological and toxicological analyses.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2024Article
- From benzodiazepine to etomidate: A risky novel psychoactive substance.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Detection and quantification of etomidate and metomidate in human hairs by ultraperformance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).Forensic toxicology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Since 2011, the misuse or abuse of etomidate has gradually increased when propofol was designated a controlled drug under the Narcotics Control Act in Korea. Accordingly, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety announced that etomidate would be under the 'Regulation on the designation of drugs that may cause concerns of misuse or abuse' rule in June 2020, which is less stringent than the Narcotics Control Act. Therefore, this review investigates potential misuse or abuse cases of etomidate to consider strengthening its management. A literature search was conducted to compare etomidate with other sedatives in their efficacy and side effects, as well as identify the adverse health outcomes, abuse cases, and analytical methods of etomidate. Etomidate has an equal or higher sedative efficacy and lower risk of adverse cardiopulmonary events than propofol. However, major adverse effects of etomidate include adrenocortical suppression and unproven associated deaths, as well as myoclonus requiring pre-treatment. Although the issue of abuse and misuse of etomidate is emerging in recent years, there are few academic reports on these issues and analytical methods in the forensic field. In order to effectively manage the misuse or abuse of etomidate, it is necessary to continuously monitor related cases with great interest and to be more intensively studied on its abuse potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.