Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36852552›Full record

ArticlePsychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)2023

Characteristics and Trends in HIV Testing Among Medicaid Enrollees Diagnosed as Having Schizophrenia.

James Walkup, Marilyn D Thomas, Eric Vittinghoff, Richard Hermida, Stephen Crystal, Emily A Arnold, Priya Dahiya, Mark Olfson, Francine Cournos, Lindsey Dawson and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

James WalkupInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Marilyn D ThomasInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Eric VittinghoffInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Richard HermidaInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Stephen CrystalInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Emily A ArnoldInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Priya DahiyaInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Mark OlfsonInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Francine CournosInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Lindsey DawsonInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
James DilleyInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Alexander BazaziInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Christina MangurianInstitute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research (Walkup, Hermida, Crystal) and Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology (Walkup), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Thomas, Vittinghoff, Mangurian), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Thomas, Dahiya, Dilley, Bazazi, Mangurian), and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (Arnold), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City (Olfson, Cournos); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Olfson); Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, D.C. (Dawson).
Walmart (United States) · US

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001872 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI COLLARD, HAROLD R, JACOBY, VANESSA · 2016 to 2025
$112.1M
Ujima Mentoring ProgramP30MH062246 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Sheri Ann Lippman · 2001 to 2026
$57.4M
New Jersey Alliance for Clinical Translational Science: NJ ACTSUL1TR003017 · NCATS · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL/HEALTH SCIENCES-RBHS · PI PANETTIERI, REYNOLD ALEXANDER · 2019 to 2023
$28.9M
SF BUILD: Enabling Students to Represnt in ScienceUL1GM118985 · NIGMS · SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI MARQUEZ-MAGANA, LETICIA MARIA, MORRIS, MEGHAN D · 2015 to 2023
$18.2M
Using Medicaid data to advance care for people with schizophrenia at risk for HIV (Medicaid-DASH)R01MH112420 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MANGURIAN, CHRISTINA · 2017 to 2021
$3.6M
Opioid Overdoses among Medicaid Beneficiaries: Predictors, Outcomes, and State Policy EffectsR01DA047347 · NIDA · RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J. · PI CRYSTAL, STEPHEN · 2019 to 2022
$3.1M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001872NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR003017NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA047347NIGMS NIH HHS UL1 GM118985NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH062246NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH112420
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePeople with schizophrenia have more HIV risk factors and higher rates of HIV infection than the general U.S. population. The authors aimed to examine HIV testing patterns in this population nationally and by demographic characteristics and presence of high-risk comorbid conditions.

methodsThis retrospective longitudinal study compared HIV testing between Medicaid-only enrollees with schizophrenia and without schizophrenia during 2002-2012 (N=6,849,351). Interrupted time series were used to analyze the impacts of the 2006 federal policy change recommending expanded HIV testing. Among enrollees with schizophrenia, multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between testing and both demographic characteristics and comorbid conditions. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted.

resultsEnrollees diagnosed as having schizophrenia had consistently higher HIV testing rates than those without schizophrenia. When those with comorbid substance use disorders or sexually transmitted infections were excluded, testing was higher for individuals without schizophrenia (p<0.001). The federal policy change likely increased testing for both groups (p<0.001), but the net change was greater for those without schizophrenia (3.1 vs. 2.2 percentage points). Among enrollees with schizophrenia, testing rates doubled during 2002-2012 (3.9% to 7.2%), varied across states (range 17 percentage points), and tripled for those with at least one annual nonpsychiatric medical visit (vs. no visit; adjusted OR=3.10, 95% CI=2.99-3.22).

conclusionsNationally, <10% of enrollees with schizophrenia had annual HIV testing. Increases appear to be driven by high-risk comorbid conditions and nonpsychiatric encounters, rather than by efforts to target people with schizophrenia. Psychiatric guidelines for schizophrenia care should consider HIV testing alongside annual metabolic screening.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsSchizophreniaHIV TestingHumansLongitudinal StudiesMedicaidRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesAIDSHIV testingMedicaidPublic healthSchizophreniaService delivery

Identifiers

PMID36852552
PMCPMC10329993
OpenAlexW4322616777

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.